Eau et assainissement
Description
Description
Au cours des dernières décennies, la demande toujours croissante et la consommation abusive de ressources en eau ont augmenté les risques de pollution et de stress hydrique dans de nombreuses régions du monde. La fréquence et l’intensité des crises locales de l’eau sont en augmentation, entraînant de graves répercussions sur la santé publique, la durabilité environnementale, la sécurité alimentaire et énergétique et le développement économique. La démographie continue de changer et les pratiques économiques non durables ont des conséquences sur la quantité et la qualité de l’eau dont nous disposons, faisant de l’eau une ressource de plus en plus rare et coûteuse – en particulier pour les populations pauvres, marginalisées et vulnérables.
Dès 1977, la conférence de Mar del Plata, en Argentine, a attiré l’attention sur l’importance de l’eau en mettant en place un plan d’action sur l’approvisionnement en eau des collectivités, qui proclamait que tous les êtres humains devraient avoir accès à un approvisionnement en eau potable de qualité et en quantité suffisante pour satisfaire leurs besoins essentiels. L’importance de l’eau a encore été soulignée lors de la Décennie internationale de l’eau potable et de l’assainissement de 1981 à 1990 et, en 1992, lors de la Conférence des Nations Unies sur l’environnement et le développement à Rio de Janeiro (Action 21, chapitre 18), ainsi que lors de la Conférence internationale sur l’eau et l’environnement à Dublin. En 1993, l’Assemblée générale des Nations Unies a fait du 22 mars la Journée mondiale de l’eau et, en 2013, elle a désigné le 19 novembre comme Journée mondiale des toilettes.
En 2000, la déclaration du Millénaire a appelé le monde à réduire de moitié, pour 2015, la proportion des personnes n’ayant pas accès à l’eau potable ainsi que celle des personnes n’ayant pas accès aux services d’assainissement de base. En 2003, l’Assemblée générale a proclamé l’Année internationale de l’eau douce, qui a été suivie de la décennie sur le thème « L’eau, source de vie », de 2005 à 2015.
Afin de coordonner les efforts des entités des Nations Unies et des organisations internationales qui s’occupent des questions d’eau et d’assainissement, le Conseil des chefs de secrétariat des organismes des Nations Unies pour la coordination a créé en 2003 ONU-Eau : un mécanisme de coordination interinstitutions des Nations Unies pour toutes les questions liées à l’eau douce et à l’assainissement.
L’Assemblée générale des Nations Unies a fait de 2008 l’Année internationale de l’assainissement et, le 28 juillet 2010, dans sa résolution 64/292 elle a expressément reconnu le droit fondamental à l’eau et à l’assainissement.
Le Programme de développement durable à l’horizon 2030, adopté en septembre 2015 lors du sommet de l’ONU, comprend l’objectif de développement durable no 6 sur l’eau et l’assainissement. Pour appuyer la réalisation de cet objectif et d’autres objectifs liés à l’eau, en décembre 2016, l’Assemblée générale a adopté à l’unanimité une résolution lançant la Décennie internationale d’action sur le thème « L’eau et le développement durable ». L’eau est aussi au cœur d’accords importants tels que le Cadre de Sendai pour la réduction des risques de catastrophe et l’Accord de Paris de 2015.
La volonté d’assurer la disponibilité et la gestion durable de l’eau et de l’assainissement pour tous fait donc depuis longtemps partie des préoccupations des Nations Unies et la priorité est à présent de concrétiser la nouvelle vision qui anime les objectifs liés à l’eau, grâce à l’impulsion donnée par les pays et au partenariat mondial. L’eau et l’assainissement sont au cœur du développement durable et la gamme de services qu’ils fournissent sous-tend la réduction de la pauvreté, la croissance économique et la durabilité environnementale. Le monde doit aujourd’hui transformer la façon dont il gère ses ressources en eau et dont il dispense des services d’approvisionnement en eau et d’assainissement à des milliards de personnes.
Pour d’autres informations et documents sur ce sujet, voir ce lien
This is a compilation of SDG 6 references in statements delivered at the General Debate of the 75th Session of the United Nations General Assembly. The information reflected on this website has been taken directly from the official statements received from Member States and does not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations. For those statements not available in English, an unofficial translation was prepared.
For more information on the General Assembly process, please click here.
Countries marked with an asterisk (*) represent Member States who have made firm commitments to advancing SDG 6 in their statement at the General Debate of the 75th Session of the UN General Assembly.
Afghanistan
Azerbaijan*
Bahamas
Bangladesh
Belgium
Belize*
Benin
Botswana
Cabo Verde
Chile*
Colombia
Côte d’Ivoire
Ethiopia
Fiji*
Guatemala
Honduras
Hungary*
India*
Japan
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Maldives
Mozambique
Namibia
Nauru
Nepal
Niger
Romania
Samoa
San Marino
Senegal
Sierra Leone*
Slovenia
South Africa
Spain
Syrian Arab Republic
Tajikistan*
Ukraine
United Republic of Tanzania
This is a compilation of the 2020 Voluntary National Reviews (VNRs) regarding information reported on SDG 6. The information reflected on this website has been taken directly from the official VNRs received from Member States and does not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations. For those VNRs not available in English, an unofficial translation was prepared.
For more information on the VNR process, please click here.
To read the 2020 VNR Synthesis Report, please click here.
To read the 2021 Compilation of main messages for the 2021 VNRs, please click here.
To read the Secretariat Background Note for the VNRs at the 2021 HLPF, please click here.
Afghanistan | 2021
Argentina | 2020
Angola | 2021
Antigua & Barbuda | 2021
Armenia | 2020
Austria | 2020
Azerbaijan | 2021
Bangladesh | 2020
Bhutan | 2021
Bolivia | 2021
Brunei Darussalam | 2020
Bulgaria | 2020
Burundi | 2020
Cabo Verde | 2021
Chad | 2021
China | 2021
Colombia | 2021
Comoros | 2020
Cuba | 2021
Cyprus | 2021
Czech Republic | 2021
Democratic People's Republic of Korea | 2021
Democratic Republic of the Congo | 2020
Denmark | 2021
Dominican Republic | 2021
Ecuador | 2020
Egypt | 2021
Estonia | 2020
Finland | 2020
Gambia | 2020
Germany | 2021
India | 2020
Indonesia | 2021
Japan | 2021
Kenya | 2020
Kyrgyz Republic | 2020
Lao People's Democratic Republic | 2021
Madagascar | 2021
Malaysia | 2021
Marshal Islands | 2021
Mexico | 2021
Morocco | 2020
Mozambique | 2020
Namibia | 2021
Nepal | 2020
Nicaragua | 2021
Niger | 2020, 2021
Nigeria | 2020
North Macedonia | 2020
Norway | 2021
Panama | 2020
Papua New Guinea | 2020
Paraguay | 2021
Peru | 2020
Qatar | 2021
Republic of Moldova | 2020
Russian Federation | 2020
San Marino | 2021
Spain | 2021
Sweden | 2021
Thailand | 2021
Tunisia | 2021
Uganda | 2020
Ukraine | 2020
Uruguay | 2021
Uzbekistan | 2020
Zambia | 2020
Zimbabwe | 2021
About the Water Action Decade 2018-2028
The United Nations has long been addressing the global crisis caused by unsafe water and sanitation and growing demands on the world’s water resources to meet human, economic and environmental needs.
In December 2017, UN Member States adopted United Nations General Assembly resolution 71/222 on an International Decade for Action on ‘Water for Sustainable Development’ 2018-2028.
In response to the ambitious 2030 Agenda, the Water Action Decade will accelerate efforts towards meeting water-related challenges, including limited access to safe water and sanitation, increasing pressure on water resources and ecosystems, and an exacerbated risk of droughts and floods.
Water and sanitation are preconditions to life and we must put a greater focus on these human rights. During the decade, the international community sets out to:
- Advance sustainable development
- Energize existing programmes and projects
- Inspire action to achieve the 2030 Agenda
Learn more at Water Action Decade | Department of Economic and Social Affairs
Action Networks for the SDGs are action-oriented networks and communities that are maintained by UN system entities or actors that focus on accelerating progress in certain sustainable development thematic areas, typically contributing to multiple interlinked SDGs.
Action networks are useful in mobilizing resources, generating momentum and creating awareness, spurring tangible results in support of the objectives of the network, scaling up existing initiatives or catalyzing new SMART commitments and actions.
Acceleration Action Updates 2021
The following actions were published in July (updated July 12th):
1. City Water Resilience Approach (CWRA) | Arup, Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI) & Resilient Cities Network (RCN)
2. Support action, innovation and learning to address source-to-sea priorities | Action Platform on Source-to-Sea Management (Partnership)
The following actions were published in June:
1. Reimagine WASH: Making services climate resilient to tackle water scarcity - (UNICEF) & Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI)
2. Water/ocean governance thought leadership, thematic expertise, technical support and policy advocacy promoted and strengthened globally - UNDP & SIWI Water Governance Facility
3. The H2O Project for Youth Engagement in Rural Field Actions | My H2O
4. Scaling up a sustainable solution for safe drinking water | 1001 Fontaines
5. Prev leak project | Technologica Plumbing Solutions
The following actions were published in May:
1. The H2O Solution for clean drinking water in rural China | My H2O
2. Extend access to drinking water at the bottom of the pyramid using chlorinated solutions in Burkina Faso | BILADA
The following actions were published in March:
-
Strategic Action Programme for the Lake Chad Basin - Building Climate Change Resilience and Reducing Ecosystem Stress | UNDP
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Ending Coastal Water Scarcity using the Sea & Sun | Elemental Water Makers
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Rain Water Management | Shree Someshwar Education Trust
-
WaterProject | University of Southeastern Norway
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SDG 6 IWRM Support Programme | Global Water Partnership
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Integrated Environmental Management of the Río Motagua Watershed | Ministry of Foreign Relations Guatemala
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TSC Water Security Fund® | Thomas Schumann Capital
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Water Resources | UNDP
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Water- Energy- Food -Safety- Ecology -Community- Health (WEFSECH) | SeaNexus bluebioeconomy
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BrighTap | BrighTAP
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Global Sustainable Supply Chains for Marine Commodities - Ministries and Bureaus of Fisheries and Planning of Costa Rica, Ecuador, Indonesia and The Philippines
Featured SDG 6 Action Networks
| Acceleration Actions | Conscious Fashion and Lifestyle Network |
| SDG Good Practices | Decent Jobs for Youth |
Browse commitments from all networks here.
Even before COVID-19 struck, progress on Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 was alarmingly off track. According to the latest UN report, the current rate of progress on achieving water and sanitation for all will have to quadruple to meet the 2030 deadline.
On Friday, 9 July 2021, a virtual SDG 6 Special Event will be hosted during the High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development 2021. In line with the theme of the 2021 high-level political forum on sustainable development, the Special Event will focus on how the SDG 6 Global Acceleration Framework can support a sustainable and resilient recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic that promotes the economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainable development, and builds an inclusive and effective path for the achievement of the 2030 Agenda in the context of the decade of action and delivery for sustainable development.
The SDG 6 Global Acceleration Framework introduces this multi-stakeholder, high-level, annual stock-taking event to enable stakeholders to keep up momentum on SDG 6 as well as share lessons and best practices. The SDG 6 Special Event will review the progress to date and showcase some of the projects that have been developed around the Framework. As a new contribution to the SDG 6 Global Acceleration Framework, progress on the SDG 6 Capacity Development Initiative will be introduced by the co-coordinators UN DESA and UNESCO.
- Watch the recording of the event here.
- Access the agenda for the special event, hosted on 9 July 2021 here.
For more information, please check the UN-Water website: http://www.unwater.org/sdg-6-special-event-during-high-level-political-forum-on-sustainable-development-2021
UN SDG: Learn is a United Nations initiative that aims to bring relevant and curated learning solutions on sustainable development topics to individuals and organizations.
Through the collaborative efforts of the United Nations, multilateral organizations, and sustainable development partners from universities, civil society, academia and the private sector, UN SDG: Learn provides a unique gateway that empowers individuals and organizations through an informed decision when selecting among a wealth of SDG-related learning products and services that are currently available.
Click here to see all the online courses related to SDG 6 Clean Water and Sanitation.