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United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Sustainable Development

Incorporation of SDGs in town planning – Development of the 2030 Vision of Shimokawa Town in participatory way and incorporation of SDGs into the town’s master plan

    Description
    Intro

    Shimokawa Town located in Hokkaido, Japan has been trying to fully incorporate SDGs into their town planning. As the first step, the town developed the Shimokawa Vision 2030 (Shimokawa SDGs) in March 2018 with participation of local stakeholders with diverse backgrounds. Shimokawa Town is now incorporating the Shimokawa Vision 2030 and SDGs into its Sixth Comprehensive Plan, the highest level municipal plan (master plan) for Fiscal 2019-2030.

    Objective of the practice

    Shimokawa is a small local town located in the northern part of Japan with a population of only 3300 population. The town finds itself in the position of a “frontrunner on sustainability challenges” with a declining birth rate and aging population that many other Japanese local governments will also be facing sooner or later. <br />
    To cope with these challenges, Shimokawa has been working on various activities based on the concept of reaching comprehensive solutions that create new economic, social and environmental values to achieve sustainable development since 2001. Such activities were recognised by the Japanese government and the town was selected as a FutureCity by the Japanese government in 2011. Such activities include those aiming to establish a comprehensive and sustainable forestry industry that utilises every aspect of our forest resources; to increase of self-sufficiency in local energy using forest biomass; and to develop communities responding to the super-aging society. The activities bear fruits – the population is showing an upward trend, and the local thermal energy self-sufficiency rate has increased from 9% in 2010 to 49% in 2016, and a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions by 18%. Shimokawa won the Prime Minister’s Award of the 2017 Japan SDGs Award.<br />
    Despite these wins, however, a population projection indicates that population will continue to decline to 2400 in 2030 and the ageing rate will increase to 43% in 2030 from 39% in 2015. The trend shows that the town is in danger of disappearing if there are no further proactive actions to tackle the sustainability challenges in Shimokawa. To cope with such challenges and to transform Shimokawa into a more sustainable town, it was decided to fully incorporate the transformative spirit of the 2030 Agenda and SDGs into town policy planning since 2017.

    Partners
    Local stakeholders including a representative of local NGO, a farmer, a teacher, a house-wife, chief of youth group of the local chamber of commerce are participating the process to incorporate SDGs into the town planning. Shimokawa town officials supported the discussion of local stakeholders such by provision of necessary data and information for discussion and reflected the results of this discussion into draft policies and plans. The discussion of the 2030 Vision of the town was also supported by external experts – as a facilitator and resource persons.
    Implementation of the Project/Activity

    Shimokawa Town is actively working to incorporate the SDGs into its municipal policies and projects, as it believes that a backcasting approach creates better communities. The town also expects that the seventeen SDGs can offer guidance in identifying local challenges and solutions.
    The first step in these efforts was having residents lead the formulation of a municipal vision in the form of Shimokawa Vision 2030 to be included in the Sixth Comprehensive Plan of the town. This is the highest level municipal plan (master plan) and will be revised by March 2019. In September 2017, the Shimokawa General Planning Council brought together ten local residents with diverse backgrounds to create the SDGs FutureCity Subcommittee. Using the SDGs to guide its deliberations, the subcommittee met thirteen times over the course of six months to discuss local issues and formulate the goals of Shimokawa in 2030. Besides the sub-committee’s discussion, local residents also organised voluntary study meetings to discuss the future of Shimokawa and the vision with wider participation of local residents. The draft vision was formulated in March 2018 by the subcommittee and then repackaged and finalized, after receiving public feedback, as the Shimokawa Vision for 2030, calling it “Shimokawa Ideals - the Shimokawa Challenge: Connecting people and nature with the future”. The vision for the town was defined as “a sustainable town that is strong and resilient, where people can live happily and no one is left behind”. The subcommittee also put together a set of project proposals that would help it achieve this vision including discussions of progress indicators in its discussions as well.
    The Shimokawa Vision 2030 is rooted in the town and rooted in the identity of the region. At the same time, however, it encompasses international goals such as the basic SDG principle of inclusion (with “no one is left behind”) and the idea of a “decarbonized society” to combat climate change as set forth in the Paris Agreement.
    The second step is the incorporation of the 2030 Vision and SDGs into the town planning. A committee for the comprehensive plan development that are formulated with local residents and conducted intensive discussions. The discussion of the committee includes the discussion of indicators (quantitive and qualitative) that local residents think necessary to access the progress for achieving the Shimokawa Vision 2030. These indicators will be also reflected into the comprehensive plans. The draft comprehensive plan is now under discussion by the town council and is expected to be approved in March 2019.

    Results/Outputs/Impacts
    <Results>
    The Shimokawa’s 2030 Vision was formulated in April 2018 as a result of discussions among local residents. The vision consists of seven goals. The town is now trying to incorporate the Shimokawa Vision 2030 into the Sixth Comprehensive Plan, its highest level municipal plan to be formulated by the end of March 2019, with target years of 2019-2030. The draft of the Comprehensive Plan explicitly indicates SDGs should be incorporated into all city planning. Under the new plan, all major sectors including welfare, education, living environment, local economy and industrial promotion and local autonomy will aim to achieve the Shimokawa Vision in consideration of interlinkage of these sectors. Indicators that fit to monitor and access the status of progress toward the vision are developed and those indicators include those developed by local residents through their discussions. The activities under the plan will be monitored in a sustainable way following the PDCA cycle.

    <Impacts>
    In the development of the 2030 Vision of Shimokawa, local residents learned about the 2030 Agenda and SDGs, with subcommittee members putting the SDGs into a regional context for discussion on local issues. This practices brought new perspectives to the sub-committee members. Some members pointed out that this practice allowed them to think more deeply about issues that they normally didn’t consider—such as marine resources (SDG 14) —since Shimokawa is an inland municipality and the residents do not think about marine issues much in their daily life, as well as issues related to peace (SDG 16). The chair of the subcommittee reflected the discussion process and mentioned that “we found that considering areas based on the objectives of the 17 SDGs offered helpful guidance in identifying local issues that had not been discussed in such an upfront manner before, such as gender and marine resources.”

    During the deliberation at the subcommittee, its members gained a deeper understanding of the SDGs while stimulating a broader discussion. Voluntary citizens meetings were organised to discuss the ideals of the town in 2030 outside of the subcommittee itself. Even after the vision was finalised, a meeting was organized to study public comments received for the draft vision so as to reflect them in the development process of the town’s comprehensive plan. Inspired by discussion on gender (SDG 5), the active role of women in bearing and raising children while taking an active role in society for local sustainability was recognized, and female members formulated voluntary gatherings of women outside of the subcommittee that are now leading to new activities.
    Enabling factors and constraints
    Understanding of SDGs helped the discussion on how to create the 2030 Vision and the subsequent policymaking process of the Comprehensive Plan. The 2030 Agenda and SDGs as common and guiding principles and framework play key roles for facilitating the discussion among diverse stakeholders with different backgrounds. A backcasting approach also helped effective discussion among stakeholders.

    External experts also played key roles in effective discussion of the town’s vision. The facilitator of the discussion of subcommittee to discuss the 2030 vision is an external expert familiar with global and local sustainability issues and with knowledge of “backcasting” methods. The facilitators could effectively lead the discussion based on the expert view and also based on the neutral stance among local residents. In the discussion of indicators, an expert from a research institute (Institute for Global Environmental Strategies) provided expert knowledge on the issues that helped the discussion of the subcommittee.

    The physical circumstances of Shimokawa are not good especially in terms of economic activities - a small town with a small population that is located far from major points of consumption. To address these adverse circumstances, partnerships with a diverse group of stakeholders from both within the town and outside is key to promoting actions for sustainability. The town has already implemented a variety of programs in partnership with both internal stakeholders and external organizations—including other municipalities, companies, and research institutions. Since Shimokawa has been promoting activities under SDGs, more partnership opportunities have been created. As of May 2018, Shimokawa has conducted collaborative projects with seven corporations spanning a wide variety of industries, among them manufacturing, finance, real estate, transportation, and IT/telecom. In July 2018, Shimokawa Town concluded an agreement to collaborate with Yoshimoto Kogyo Co., Ltd.—a direct result of both the town and company being recognized by the national government at the first Japan SDGs Awards (Yoshimoto Kogyo as recipient of the Partnership (Special) Award and Shimokawa selected as the winner of the Prime Minister Award).
    Sustainability and replicability
    Shimokawa plans to implement about 20 projects to achieve the Shimokawa Vision, which are intended to transform Shimokawa to be more sustainable by establishing circulating, liveable and de-carbonised economy and society. For implementation of the project, the town will make efficient use of its independent financial resources while also tapping into national support programs such as the SDG Model Project Programme of the Japanese government. Financial and personnel support is being secured through private partnerships, and the town is also looking to utilize research funding from universities and similar institutions. Taking advantage of partnerships with private companies within and outside of the town, a new project is being set up to create new business by utilizing an existing facility as a chocolate factory which will provide new employment opportunities for citizens with disabilities and will use renewable energy as much as possible.

    Shimokawa is using its past successes in this area as a springboard to develop local initiatives that will serve as a new model for the SDGs with the intention of broadly popularizing them. The town has established the tentatively-named SDG Partnership Center for Cities (SDG-PC) and is putting together a framework that will allow it to roll out programs while collaborating with and getting feedback from diverse key players both within Shimokawa and beyond.

    The practice of Shimokawa Town to incorporate SDGs into its town planning is not an easy task, but it shows that SDGs can work as a good guiding framework to facilitate understanding of local residents on local conditions and challenges, and can motivate them to think about local sustainability issues.

    Shimokawa has been promoting projects in which the three dimensions of sustainable development (economy, society, and the environment) are integrated in consideration of full utilisation of local resources. This approach can be referred to other regions.
    Conclusions

    Shiokawa’s practices show good examples of how to incorporate the SDGs into town planning and also demonstrate how SDGs can motivate people’s understandings and actions for sustainability. In sum, lessons gained from the initiative are as follows. <br />
    <br />
    (1) By using SDGs as a guiding principle, new local perspective and challenges can be identified. <br />
    The principle of “no one left behind” and “gender” (SDG 5) brought a new perspective to town planning and also motivated voluntary actions by residents such establishment of women’s groups. <br />
    <br />
    2) The quality of town planning and management can be enhanced by incorporating a backcasting approach. <br />
    The Shimokawa Vision 2030 shows the importance of a participatory approach by local residents with diverse backgrounds as well as partnerships with experts’ knowledge, in the process of SDGs incorporation into the town vision development and project planning. <br />
    <br />
    3) Taking actions for SDGs helps better branding and increases the presence of the city/town, which increases partnership opportunities<br />
    Shimokawa has been recognized for its efforts and outcomes, and the town was the first recipient of the Prime Minister Award of the 2017 Japan SDGs Awards. In July 2018, Shimokawa Town concluded an agreement to collaborate with Yoshimoto Kogyo Co., Ltd., a recipient of the Partnership (Special) Award of the 2017 Japan SDGs Award and one of the big entertainment companies in Japan, to create an innovative partnership model of local government and private company for local and global sustainability to utilize their strengths. In addition, Shimokawa has developed partnership in other parts of the private sector, such as confectionary production, real estate companies and research institutes.

    Other sources of information
    Shimokawa Town the Sustainable Development Goals (voluntary local review)
    https://pub.iges.or.jp/pub/shimokawa-town-sustainable-development-goals

    Shimokawa, Hokkaido: Advancing SDG-Based Community Building
    JFS Newsletter No.191 (July 2018)
    https://www.japanfs.org/sp/en/news/archives/news_id036141.html

    Cabinet Office, Japan “Future City Programme
    http://future-city.jp/forum/2017_07/pdf/2017_forum07_panel_futurecity_e…
    N/A
    Resources
    Financing (in USD)
    180000
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    False
    Name Description
    17.14 Enhance policy coherence for sustainable development
    Action Network
    SDG Good Practices First Call
    This initiative does not yet fulfil the SMART criteria.
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    Timeline
    01 September 2017 (start date)
    31 March 2019 (date of completion)
    Entity
    SDGs Promotion Strategy Office, Polity Promotion Department, Shimokawa Town
    SDGs
    Region
    1. Asia and Pacific
    Geographical coverage
    Shimokawa Town, Hokkaido, Japan
    Website/More information
    N/A
    Countries
    Japan
    Japan
    Contact Information

    Takeshi Minoshima, DIrector