Transformational Teacher Training Programme
Description
Sabre’s award winning Fast- track Transformational Teacher Training (FTTT) began in 2012 and was developed as a key deliverable of the Government of Ghana’s Kindergarten Operational Plan and directly supports Ghana to achieve SDG4. The FTTT tackles the challenges of poor teacher capacity and the lack of quality practical placements for student teachers. The FTTT trains both current and future teachers in the government’s new pedagogy for kindergarten. It supports practising teachers to make the transformation from a rote-based pedagogy to a play-based approach, and supports student teachers by providing high quality practical placements
The project aims to improve standards of in-service (practicing teachers) and pre-service (student teachers) teaching quality resulting in improved learning outcomes for all kindergarten children. Teachers will move away from teaching through rote based, didactic methods to an activity and play-based methodology, which has been endorsed by the Government of Ghana. <br />
The project directly contributes to Ghana achieving SDG4, specifically Target 4.2 Early childhood development and universal pre-primary education. We achieve this by training teachers, both in-service and pre-service, which is one of the suggested implementation methods 4.c substantially increase the supply of qualified teachers, including through international cooperation for teacher training in developing countries.<br />
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The project also supports SDG 5 Achieve Gender Equality and Empower all Women and Girls and SDG 13 Climate Action. <br />
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SDG5: The empowerment of girls and challenging gender stereotypes is embedded in the pedagogy. Books integral to the teaching practice feature female protagonists. Teacher are also required to set up classroom activity centres, including a Home Centre, Hairdresser Centre and Construction Centre, which are used equally by boys and girls and break down gender stereotypes. Teachers arrange the children in mixed gender groups and encourage them to play at the activity centres together. <br />
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SDG13: Although not a measured outcome of the project, research ranked educating girls 6th in the 10 most effective solutions to reduce climate change (Project Drawdown). Increasing women’s empowerment has a positive effect on environment protection, but can only be achieved with a quality education, starting at the early years “For every additional year of schooling a girl receives on average her country’s resilience to climate disasters can be expected to improve” (Brookings).<br />
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Our approach is innovative in a number of ways:<br />
1. It is delivered in partnership with Colleges of Education and the Ghana Education Service, enhancing the systems already in place, instead of setting up parallel ones, which is vital for sustainability. The project is fully embedded in government policies and systems, supporting systemic change.<br />
2. Unlike other initiatives, the project combines in-service and pre-service training to ensure quality throughout the kindergarten sector. In a Ghanaian context the new pedagogy for kindergarten is highly innovative taking a child-centred and play-based approach.<br />
3. There is a strong focus on classroom practice. The training devolves key aspects to the classroom, helping trainees to translate theory into practice. It provides a suite of training manuals to support implementation.<br />
4. The approach has been designed for replication across Ghana and in other contexts. It is already being replicated by other implementers in different regions of Ghana and the training content is being used in other countries, including Uganda, Rwanda and Tanzania.
• Government of Ghana to help them achieve their vision of an improved kindergarten sector.
• Colleges of Education, enabling generations of teachers to join the workforce having received high quality training.
• Other NGOs, to expand the impact of our work and to unify the approach to kindergarten education across Ghana.
We collaborate with the entire education ecosystem from parents to the Minster of Education. This ensures that we not only make the biggest impact that we can, but that we are creating sustainable systemic change for Ghanaian kindergarten education.
In 2012 Sabre was invited to join the technical team to support the Ghana Education Service in carrying out a needs assessment of kindergarten education provision and the consultancy team developing the government’s five-year kindergarten operational plan. The Fast-track Transformational Teacher Training project (FTTT) was piloted in 2012/13 in partnership with the Ghana Education Service and OLA College of Education in the Central Region and then expanded into the Western Region with Holy Child College of Education.
The FTTT innovatively combines in-service and pre-service training:
In-service trains practising teachers to break away from the entrenched rote-based ‘chalk and talk’ methodology where classrooms are ruled by fear of the cane, inhibiting children’s learning. The training enables teachers to deliver the Ghana Education Service’s child-centred, active and play-based pedagogy that supports the development of the five C’s (Confidence, Communication, Cooperation, Curiosity, Concentration) as the foundation of 21st Century Skills early grade literacy, numeracy and creativity, as well as positive behaviour management. To gain certification from the FTTT, teachers need to score at least 112/140 in their Teacher Monitoring Tool assessment, a benchmark agreed by project partners to reflect competency in the delivery of the play-based pedagogy and positive classroom management. Practising teachers are also trained in mentoring skills and supported to transform their classrooms into child centred environments called Model Practice Classrooms (MPCs). MPCs are classrooms staffed by trained teachers who have elevated their practice to teach the new play based pedagogy but who are also trained to mentor student teachers and so are able to host them on their practical placement.
Pre-service is supported by improving the quality of practical teaching placements for Early Childhood Education student teachers, through the creation of a network of MPCs in the vicinity of their College of Education, staffed by these trained practising teachers who then mentor the student teachers.
The following key outcomes are monitored:
1) A network of MPCs is established, demonstrating high quality practice, with teachers trained in Ghana Education Service play-based pedagogy.
2) Early Childhood Education Student Teachers are better equipped for posting as Newly Qualified Teachers.
3) Improved child learning outcomes for kindergarten pupils as a result of the new pedagogy in the Model Practice Classrooms.
We use qualitative and quantitative measures, including two kindergarten specific assessment tools:
• The Teacher Monitoring Tool identifies the target skills and characteristics that kindergarten teachers should be displaying
• The Pupil Achievement Record covers Kindergarten 1 and Kindergarten 2 and provides teachers with a check-list to track pupil development across four learning domains (psychosocial & communication, reading, writing, and maths).
Additional monitoring tools cover the head teacher’s mentoring and supervision role, and trainer skills development. Feedback questionnaires are administered at every training session. Parents are engaged through Parent Teacher Association meetings, kindergarten graduations and classroom open days
124 Model Practice Classrooms established, (78 in Central Region, 86 in Western Region) with a further 40 under training to complete the network in the Western Region by July 2019.
183 Classroom teachers have completed training, with 175 (96%) scoring the required 112/140. Teacher confidence improved over the course of the programme, with 99% either ‘confident’ or ‘very confident’ of implementation by the end of the course.
Teacher attendance significantly improved in the Model Practice Classrooms, with average teacher attendance increasing from a baseline of 49% to an endline of 93%.
Output 2: Early Childhood Education Student Teachers are better equipped for posting as Newly Qualified Teachers
473 student teachers have received the one-year Fast-track Transformational Teacher Training (FTTT), and undertaken a placement in a Model Practice Classroom.
The Innovations for Poverty Action Impact Evaluation demonstrated that FTTT student teachers from Holy Child College in the Western Region were significantly more able to deliver the kindergarten (KG) curriculum and that as newly qualified teachers, they had greater knowledge about Early Childhood Education.
In the Central Region, student teacher performance was measured using the College-administered Teaching Practice Assessment, and of the 91 student teachers completing the training in July 2017, 67 (74%) scored an A-grade in their practical assessment, compared to the pre-project baseline of just 15%.
From student teacher surveys, 89% of student teachers in the Central Region and 92% of student teachers in the Western Region rated themselves as ‘confident’ or ‘very confident’ to implement the new methodology at the end of their placement year
Output 3: Improved child learning outcomes for kindergarten pupils as a result of the new pedagogy in the Model Practice Classrooms.
Teachers in the Model Practice Classrooms apply the Pupil Achievement Record as a formative assessment tool, and we are able to collect data on pupils in all 124 established Model Practice Classrooms. Across both regions, children have shown positive learning outcomes as a result of being taught through the new pedagogy.
• Central Region (July 2017) – data for 1,081 children (482 boys, 536 girls)
The median percentage Pupil Achievement Record achieved by KG1 and KG2 children at the end of the academic year were 21/28 (75%) and 25/31 (81%) respectively.
• Western Region (July 2017) – data for 1,466 children (770 boys, 696 girls)
The median percentage Pupil Achievement Record achieved by KG1 and KG2 children at the end of the academic year were 22/28 (79%) and 27/31 (87%) respectively.
In both regions, these results are well ahead of our 65% target.
Additionally, 34 trainers, 57 head teachers and 50 Ghana Education Service officers have received training in the delivery and support of the FTTT, as part of the project’s holistic approach to involving all relevant stakeholders, in support of system-level change.
Total beneficiaries: 23,367
An innovative part of the FTTT is the training manuals and classroom guides, which have received high acclaim from government agencies and development partners. The manuals fully document the training content and provide teachers with week-by-week session plans, which are carefully linked back to the kindergarten curriculum, and include resource making guides to enable teachers to make classroom resources from low cost, reclaimed everyday items. We have recently collaborated with the Institute of Education from University College London to review the training manuals against global best practice and they have found the manuals to be comprehensive in their scope, and making use of an approach that is aligned to evidence and research on early years education.
Another innovative tool developed by the project is the Teacher Monitoring Tool which is key to maintaining Model Practice Classroom status. It also identifies all of the target skills and characteristics that teachers should be displaying. This tool has been validated by the National Teaching Council and the National Council for Curriculum and Assessment in Ghana. We were recently asked to train the National Inspectorate Board in Ghana, which is part of the Ministry of Education, in using the Teacher Monitoring Tool as they would like to apply the tool nationwide.
The successes demonstrated by the FTTT have attracted a number of plaudits for the approach, and interest in replication. The first of these replication partnerships was with AfriKids and Tumu College of Education in the Upper West Region.
An important way in which the project represents value for money is that it is designed to work within the existing education system in Ghana, generating innovation and quality improvements from within, which can be sustained after project completion. No ongoing funding will be required to sustain the quality practice and the network of Model Practice Classrooms. Partnering with Ghana Education Service District Education Offices and Colleges of Education allows the train the trainer elements (providing a local training team) to result in long lasting investments in system-level capacity.
In addition, the training content and methodology for the in-service training of model practice classroom teachers was abbreviated for a shorter in-service training project delivered by the National Nursery Teacher Training Centre in Accra, the Quality Preschool for Ghana (QP4G) project. Innovations for Poverty Action conducted an impact evaluation on this adapted in-service teacher training and demonstrated the training was successful in improving children’s pre-literacy, pre-numeracy and social-emotional skills, which are important elements of school readiness. A variant of the project has since been deployed in Accra and Kumasi, and replicated in Uganda, Rwanda and Tanzania for low fee private schools through a partnership with Opportunity Edufinance.
This shorter in-service training has a greater reach in shorter time span as it is not geographically confined to the reaches of Colleges of Education. Sabre is currently implementing this model districtwide in the Abura-Asebu-Kwamankese, across every government kindergarten (84) in the district.
The Fast-track Transformational teacher Training project has gained national and international recognition. It was recognised by the World Bank’s Early Learning Partnership as a promising preschool practice in Africa, and profiled by the Centre for Education Innovations. In 2018 it was awarded the UNESCO Hamden bin Rashid Al-Maktoum prize 2017-2018 which recognises programmes for their outstanding practice and performance in enhancing the effectiveness of teachers.<br />
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It is a key deliverable of the Ghana Education Services Operational Plan to Scale up Quality Kindergarten Education Nationwide and directly supports Ghana in achieving SDG4, in respect of early years education. The project is also facilitating Ghana’s recent education reforms, the new kindergarten curriculum and the new Bachelor of Education in Early Childhood Education. <br />
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To date the FTTT has reached 23,367 people, and improved teaching quality in 72 kindergarten schools, giving 9,368 four and five year old children a quality start to their education.<br />
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The project methodology is backed up by two impact evaluations from Innovations for Poverty Action and expanding its reach across Ghana is very much supported by Ministry of Education leaders including Mrs Felicia Boakye-Yiadom of the National Council for Curriculum and Assessment, and Dr Evelyn Oduru of the National Teaching Council.
https://www.poverty-action.org/impact/evidence-informed-early-childhood…
https://www.poverty-action.org/publication/impacts-fast-track-transform…
UNESCO-Hamdan Prize Press Releases
https://en.unesco.org/news/uk-based-charity-training-early-childhood-te…
https://theirworld.org/news/ghana-teacher-training-delivers-quality-ear…
Short Film Showing Classroom Practice
https://youtu.be/06mDYRlf3kc
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Abigail Gough, Grants & Communications Manager