Platform for Agricultural Risk Management
Description
The PARM process is a demand-driven participatory policy engagement process comprised of four main phases:<br />
1. Setting up: A preliminary country visit is envisaged to respond to the Government request and present in depth the PARM process to ensure ownership and common understanding. The first country visit provides the occasion to jointly develop a road map to initiate PARM activities in the country.<br />
2. Risk Assessment: it represents the first technical phase of the process and focuses on the assessment and identification of risks and risk management gaps. This assessment phase requires a rigorous analysis of risk exposure and its economic, social and financial implications. A Risk Assessment study will be undertaken by selected experts (supported by local technical institutions and organizations like universities, research centres, etc.) and presented to a National Stakeholders Workshop with the objective of facilitating the assessment of the main risks and policy gaps identified, and the prioritization of risks and tools that should be the focus of the country's ARM initiatives. The Final Risk Assessment Study Report incorporates the outcomes of the workshop discussions and it will serve to identify the main focus for the feasibility studies and capacity development interventions. A National Steering Committee (NSC) is established to guide the process, including the main relevant stakeholders identified during the Risk Assessment Study.<br />
3. Tools Assessment: in close collaboration with the government key areas of interventions and tools for investments are identified in line with the results of the risk assessment phase. With the support with local and international experts PARM supports the government in analysing the tools feasibility and proposes specific investment plans that are discussed and validated in a High Level Policy Dialogue and Dissemination Workshop.<br />
4. Follow-up Implementation: All the PARM activities are oriented to facilitating the implementation of ARM tools in the participating countries. The previous phases focus on the identification and design of ARM measures. In countries where the four phases of the PARM process are fully and successfully finalized, the implementation process to integrate the identified tools into the national policy and investment plans will continue. The actual implementation of the policies is responsibility to the National Government in collaboration with stakeholders, service providers and donors. PARM will technically accompany and facilitate this process only to the extent that resources are available. Using the fund provided by KfW, NEPAD will facilitate the implementation process after PARM activities.<br />
Capacity development represents a core activity of PARM and focuses on knowledge sharing activities to improve human capital of all the stakeholders that can contribute to a better ARM system, such as producers (particularly smallholders and their farming organizations), governments, agricultural service providers, private sector. CD activities on ARM aim to drive a sustainable institutional and behavioural change beyond conventional training approach and, where possible, they use the capacity potential of local knowledge-based institutions such as universities and research agencies, in order to institutionalize the ARM knowledge. Following the PARM Capacity Development Strategy, PARM CD activities are articulated in three levels :<br />
1) Generic ARM capacity development seminars ( CD1): CD1 is designed and conducted in the form of two-day ARM seminar. The seminars aim to facilitate the ARM process in each country and it targets mainly farmers and public officers.<br />
2) Institutionalization of high level PARM knowledge/Training of trainers (ToT) (CD2): In selected partner countries, PARM aim to institutionalize ARM knowledge through developing and organising a training of trainers (ToT) with key local partners such as universities and agricultural research institutes that could continue to deliver the ARM course in the future. CD2 aims to target extension workers, university students, public officers, private sector.<br />
3) Specific ARM tool Capacity development activity (CD3): CD3 aims to transfer ARM knowledge on specific tools in a flexible way to create awareness and expertise on specific risks and tools that respond to the targeted needs of each country. <br />
PARM is governed by a Steering Committee, an Advisory Committee and the Secretariat. These bodies ensure that PARM activities respond to its founding objectives and deliver good quality and neutral assistance to report back to the G20. The Steering Committee is made up of the four contributing donors EC, AFD, Italian Development Cooperation, IFAD and NEPAD as the major strategic partner in Africa. Since 2017 the German agencies BMZ and KfW are also members. The Steering Committee has the authority to make budgetary decisions and provide strategic guidelines, and it meets three times per year. The Advisory Committee consists of key partners on implementation, private sector, cooperation, knowledge and farmers organizations. It meets annually and provides technical advice to PARM. Currently, the Advisory Committee is composed of: AGRHYMET, AGRINATURA, CARGILL, COMESA, EAGC, ECOWAS, FAO, MUNICH-RE, ROPPA, WFP and WORLD BANK. The Secretariat, established in September 2014 and hosted by IFAD, is responsible for managing the programme and implementing the PARM process, liaising with clients, donors and partners and linking them with service providers/practitioners who have specific expertise in agricultural risk management (ARM). For the African continent, the PARM Secretariat is working in strategic partnership with NEPAD, which has been establishing since 2011 an Agriculture and Food Insecurity Risk Management (AFIRM) initiative within the CAADP framework in collaboration with various partners.
SDGS & Targets
Goal 15
Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
15.1
By 2020, ensure the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services, in particular forests, wetlands, mountains and drylands, in line with obligations under international agreements
15.1.1
15.1.2
15.2
By 2020, promote the implementation of sustainable management of all types of forests, halt deforestation, restore degraded forests and substantially increase afforestation and reforestation globally
15.2.1
15.3
By 2030, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land degradation-neutral world
15.3.1
15.4
By 2030, ensure the conservation of mountain ecosystems, including their biodiversity, in order to enhance their capacity to provide benefits that are essential for sustainable development
15.4.1
15.4.2
15.5
Take urgent and significant action to reduce the degradation of natural habitats, halt the loss of biodiversity and, by 2020, protect and prevent the extinction of threatened species
15.5.1
15.6
Promote fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and promote appropriate access to such resources, as internationally agreed
15.6.1
15.7
Take urgent action to end poaching and trafficking of protected species of flora and fauna and address both demand and supply of illegal wildlife products
15.7.1
15.8
By 2020, introduce measures to prevent the introduction and significantly reduce the impact of invasive alien species on land and water ecosystems and control or eradicate the priority species
15.8.1
15.9
By 2020, integrate ecosystem and biodiversity values into national and local planning, development processes, poverty reduction strategies and accounts
15.9.1
(a) Number of countries that have established national targets in accordance with or similar to Aichi Biodiversity Target 2 of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011–2020 in their national biodiversity strategy and action plans and the progress reported towards these targets; and (b) integration of biodiversity into national accounting and reporting systems, defined as implementation of the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
15.a
Mobilize and significantly increase financial resources from all sources to conserve and sustainably use biodiversity and ecosystems
15.a.1
(a) Official development assistance on conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity; and (b) revenue generated and finance mobilized from biodiversity-relevant economic instruments
15.b
Mobilize significant resources from all sources and at all levels to finance sustainable forest management and provide adequate incentives to developing countries to advance such management, including for conservation and reforestation
15.b.1
(a) Official development assistance on conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity; and (b) revenue generated and finance mobilized from biodiversity-relevant economic instruments
15.c
Enhance global support for efforts to combat poaching and trafficking of protected species, including by increasing the capacity of local communities to pursue sustainable livelihood opportunities
15.c.1
Goal 2
End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture
2.1
By 2030, end hunger and ensure access by all people, in particular the poor and people in vulnerable situations, including infants, to safe, nutritious and sufficient food all year round
2.1.1
Prevalence of undernourishment
2.1.2
Prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity in the population, based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES)
2.2
By 2030, end all forms of malnutrition, including achieving, by 2025, the internationally agreed targets on stunting and wasting in children under 5 years of age, and address the nutritional needs of adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women and older persons
2.2.1
Prevalence of stunting (height for age <-2 standard deviation from the median of the World Health Organization (WHO) Child Growth Standards) among children under 5 years of age
2.2.2
Prevalence of malnutrition (weight for height >+2 or <-2 standard deviation from the median of the WHO Child Growth Standards) among children under 5 years of age, by type (wasting and overweight)
2.2.3
Prevalence of anaemia in women aged 15 to 49 years, by pregnancy status (percentage)
2.3
2.3.1
Volume of production per labour unit by classes of farming/pastoral/forestry enterprise size
2.3.2
Average income of small-scale food producers, by sex and indigenous status
2.4
By 2030, ensure sustainable food production systems and implement resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and production, that help maintain ecosystems, that strengthen capacity for adaptation to climate change, extreme weather, drought, flooding and other disasters and that progressively improve land and soil quality
2.4.1
Proportion of agricultural area under productive and sustainable agriculture
2.5
By 2020, maintain the genetic diversity of seeds, cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated animals and their related wild species, including through soundly managed and diversified seed and plant banks at the national, regional and international levels, and promote access to and fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge, as internationally agreed
2.5.1
Number of (a) plant and (b) animal genetic resources for food and agriculture secured in either medium- or long-term conservation facilities
2.5.2
Proportion of local breeds classified as being at risk of extinction
2.a
2.a.1
The agriculture orientation index for government expenditures
2.a.2
Total official flows (official development assistance plus other official flows) to the agriculture sector
2.b
Correct and prevent trade restrictions and distortions in world agricultural markets, including through the parallel elimination of all forms of agricultural export subsidies and all export measures with equivalent effect, in accordance with the mandate of the Doha Development Round
2.b.1
Agricultural export subsidies
2.c
Adopt measures to ensure the proper functioning of food commodity markets and their derivatives and facilitate timely access to market information, including on food reserves, in order to help limit extreme food price volatility
2.c.1
Indicator of food price anomalies
Goal 1
End poverty in all its forms everywhere
1.1
By 2030, eradicate extreme poverty for all people everywhere, currently measured as people living on less than $1.25 a day
1.1.1
Proportion of the population living below the international poverty line by sex, age, employment status and geographical location (urban/rural)
1.2
By 2030, reduce at least by half the proportion of men, women and children of all ages living in poverty in all its dimensions according to national definitions
1.2.1
Proportion of population living below the national poverty line, by sex and age
1.2.2
Proportion of men, women and children of all ages living in poverty in all its dimensions according to national definitions
1.3
Implement nationally appropriate social protection systems and measures for all, including floors, and by 2030 achieve substantial coverage of the poor and the vulnerable
1.3.1
Proportion of population covered by social protection floors/systems, by sex, distinguishing children, unemployed persons, older persons, persons with disabilities, pregnant women, newborns, work-injury victims and the poor and the vulnerable
1.4
By 2030, ensure that all men and women, in particular the poor and the vulnerable, have equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to basic services, ownership and control over land and other forms of property, inheritance, natural resources, appropriate new technology and financial services, including microfinance
1.4.1
Proportion of population living in households with access to basic services
1.4.2
Proportion of total adult population with secure tenure rights to land, (a) with legally recognized documentation, and (b) who perceive their rights to land as secure, by sex and by type of tenure
1.5
By 2030, build the resilience of the poor and those in vulnerable situations and reduce their exposure and vulnerability to climate-related extreme events and other economic, social and environmental shocks and disasters
1.5.1
Number of deaths, missing persons and directly affected persons attributed to disasters per 100,000 population
1.5.2
Direct economic loss attributed to disasters in relation to global gross domestic product (GDP)
1.5.3
Number of countries that adopt and implement national disaster risk reduction strategies in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030
1.5.4
Proportion of local governments that adopt and implement local disaster risk reduction strategies in line with national disaster risk reduction strategies
1.a
Ensure significant mobilization of resources from a variety of sources, including through enhanced development cooperation, in order to provide adequate and predictable means for developing countries, in particular least developed countries, to implement programmes and policies to end poverty in all its dimensions
1.a.1
Total official development assistance grants from all donors that focus on poverty reduction as a share of the recipient country's gross national income
1.a.2
Proportion of total government spending on essential services (education, health and social protection)
1.b
Create sound policy frameworks at the national, regional and international levels, based on pro-poor and gender-sensitive development strategies, to support accelerated investment in poverty eradication actions
1.b.1
Pro-poor public social spending
Goal 13
Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
13.1
Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries
13.1.1
Number of deaths, missing persons and directly affected persons attributed to disasters per 100,000 population
13.1.2
Number of countries that adopt and implement national disaster risk reduction strategies in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030
13.1.3
Proportion of local governments that adopt and implement local disaster risk reduction strategies in line with national disaster risk reduction strategies
13.2
Integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies and planning
13.2.1
Number of countries with nationally determined contributions, long-term strategies, national adaptation plans and adaptation communications, as reported to the secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
13.2.2
Total greenhouse gas emissions per year
13.3
Improve education, awareness-raising and human and institutional capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction and early warning
13.3.1
Extent to which (i) global citizenship education and (ii) education for sustainable development are mainstreamed in (a) national education policies; (b) curricula; (c) teacher education; and (d) student assessment
13.a
Implement the commitment undertaken by developed-country parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to a goal of mobilizing jointly $100 billion annually by 2020 from all sources to address the needs of developing countries in the context of meaningful mitigation actions and transparency on implementation and fully operationalize the Green Climate Fund through its capitalization as soon as possible
13.a.1
Amounts provided and mobilized in United States dollars per year in relation to the continued existing collective mobilization goal of the $100 billion commitment through to 2025
13.b
Promote mechanisms for raising capacity for effective climate change-related planning and management in least developed countries and small island developing States, including focusing on women, youth and local and marginalized communities
13.b.1
Number of least developed countries and small island developing States with nationally determined contributions, long-term strategies, national adaptation plans and adaptation communications, as reported to the secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
SDG 14 targets covered
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Contact Information
Karima Cherif, Knowledge Management Officer