Guide to Sustainable Urban Drainage Techniques

The advance of urbanization triggers exorbitant soil sealing rates, and consequently the increase in the volume of surface runoff in macrodrainage. Considering that the solution found by public administrators to increase the flow, to mitigate the impacts, rectifying and waterproofing the watercourse, which increases the speed of flow and shifts the "problem" of downstream drainage.
Considering that the lack of control in the upstream occupation causes an increase in flow, and the need to expand the canal, such an exit becomes impossible due to the lack of available space. However, the incentive to occupy its banks and the increase of upstream waterproof areas causes water to accumulate in the downstream areas, causing new floods. After the execution of the drainage works, the problem is greater, since there is no permeability band in its margins.
From the existing paradigm shift, that is, encouraging sustainable drainage practices to the detriment of the millionaire macrodrainage works, the population feels capable of transforming the urban landscape positively. Among the effective solutions envisaged from the GUIDE TO SUSTAINABLE TECHNIQUES IN URBAN DRAINAGE are:
 Regulation of Tax Incentives for real estate that has systems of retention, detention, infiltration and reuse of rainwater. Concluding that the tax reduction incentive justifies the urban-environmental benefit provided to the city;
 Organization and periodic distribution of the Cleaning and maintenance teams of Urban Drainage Systems. Both of the microdrainage (gutters, collecting mouths, visit wells), as well as macrodrainage (galleries, canals, detention basins, etc);
 Land Use Management as Occupancy Restriction Measures in Floodplain Areas, in addition to controlling the occupation of areas with outcropping. The control in soil occupation aims to protect: areas more susceptible to erosion, wetlands, near springs or water courses, increasing permeability and preserving springs;
 Decree of expropriation of the lots that comprise the greater river bed. Aiming at vacating, aimed at the public interest in the containment of floods, caused by high urbanization (waterproofing);
 Creation of Parks, Reserves and ZEIA's (Special Areas of Environmental Interest) indispensable for the preservation of water courses, areas of recharge of the sheet and increase of permeability. The implantation of green areas, the reforestation of riparian forests, the creation of urban parks provides improvement of the quality of life to the population, besides providing greater areas of infiltration, percolation and evapotranspiration;
 Incentive to use infiltration ditches and ditches, used in parallel with streets, roads, parking lots and housing complexes, among others. Reducing flooding in public places. These ditches concentrate the flow of adjacent areas and create conditions for infiltration along their length.
 I encourage the approval of allotment and multiresidential projects that apply the sustainable techniques (BMP / LEAD), and the certification "GREEN". Ecologically efficient projects, which follow socio-environmental standards, should be disseminated to the population, encouraging practices and projects that meet their requirements (energy efficiency, rainwater reuse, etc.);