Community-led Waste to Wealth Activities through Buy-back Arangement for Income Generation and Climate Change Effect Mitigation at Kube Atenda, Ibadan, Nigeria
Description
The activites focus on community-led litter management in an organized manner, adopting the 4R concept-reduce, reuse, recycle and recovery at Kube Atenda, Ibadan, Nigeria. The main components included: creation of a sorting centre/recycling kiosks for recyclable buy-back arrangement and entrepreneurship opportunities; developing market links for recyclables between the community and a resource recovery centres in Ibadan; Instead of people dumping their solid waste into storm water or burning it openly, they are now segregating it and bring recyclables to the centre in exchange for money. The activity commenced in 2017 and still on-going.
Due to the lack of community participation and involvement in waste management policies and practices, the inhabitants dispose of their wastes on illegal dumps, in open spaces, in water bodies or in storm drainage channels. Waste dumped into storm drainage channels or water bodies create serious environmental problems which always escalate into disastrous situations in Nigeria and beyond. As such, there is need to ensure a sound waste management system that will not only reduce emission of GHGs into the environment but convert the litters generated in the communities to cheap energy and useful materials while encouraging community participation in an integrated litter management system.<br />
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The main components of this waste management practice include: organizing the trainers trained during a previous CIRCLE project to train the entire community during; creation of a sorting centre/recycling kiosks for recyclable buy-back arrangement and entrepreneurship opportunities; developing market links for recyclables between the community and a resource recovery centre at Alesinloye market in Ibadan (private practitioner); developing effective communication among all the stakeholders and decision makers and, instituting monitoring and evaluation for progress control through involvement of Department of Community Development Inspectorate (CDI) at Ibadan Northeast LGA (local council). The practice generally meets the community people needs in the area of community development, clean environment, people’s capacity building in waste to wealth concept for wealth creation and poverty reduction, improved health and improved self-esteem. The sorted recyclables form the community serve as cheap and locally available raw materials for the resource recovery centre at Alesinloye for its smooth operation while the money being spent by the state government through its lowest tier (local council) will be reduce. In addition, the amount of waste sent to the landfill from the community has been sharply reduced. The following strategies/channels of communication are adopted: sensitization workshop, panel discussion, group meeting, radio talk; interpersonal communication (IPC) along with posters and leaflets. Poster and leaflet that display storage and segregation at source, actions that promote behavioural change of the community member towards effective litter management practices.<br />
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Generally, establishment of waste buy-back centre and the current practice of waste management in the community has led to green growth, clean environment, poverty reduction, improved health, self-esteem and active involvement and participation of the members in community development. The community has now become a role model in the country and the transformation would surely arouse the interest of policy makers across the world to think locally and act globally.
- Community people (users)
- Local council (State and Local Government staff in the Ministry Environment)
- Practitioners
- Policy makers
As much as possible the end users were involved right from the commencement of the programme and decisions on how and what to do are jointly taken by the investigator and the community people who are the end users.
- community development,
- clean environment,
- people’s capacity building in waste to wealth concept reduction,
- improved self-esteem
- reduction in the amount of litter sent to the landfill
- Segregation of waste into separate components at source
- Changing of litter management practices with high GHG emission potential to better practice with adoption of 4R concept (reduce, reuse, recycle and recover) that promote climate change adaptation or mitigation
- Replacement of wood and kerosene fuel with biochar produce from combustible waste with little or no gaseous emission
- Behavioural change of the community member towards litter management practices that will ensure wealth creation and poverty reduction for well-being and sustainability
- Increased level of awareness of the ill effects of poor solid WM such as health hazards, aesthetic damage, environmental issues
The major challenge is found in the transportation of plastic waste from the buy-back centre to the companies that buy it. Presently, there is no machine to pulverize or reduce the volume of plastic waste to reduce fees spent on its transportation. Community is facing a big challenge in this regard. Attempts are being made to scale up the activities by fabricating simple waste recycling machines such as plastic shredder for pre-treatment of sorted recyclables from the community to alleviate the present challenge being faced by the community people.
Global warming has become a matter of public concern in the last few years. The greenhouse gas (GHG) produced by human activities have been predominating over those of natural origin (Hansen, 2004) and municipal solid waste (litter) is a significant contributor to GHG emissions through litter decomposition and life-cycle activities. According to recent estimates, the waste sector contributes about one-fifth of global anthropogenic methane emissions (IEA 2005; IPCC, 2006). As such, every litter management practice in a community generates GHG, both directly (i.e. emissions from the process itself) and indirectly (i.e. through energy consumption). Apart from GHG generation, poor litter management affects public health and aggravates climate change affects such as flooding and epidemic of diseases. In Ibadan, Nigeria, the devastation of lives and properties which occurred due to the recent 2011 flood was attributed partly to accumulation of refuse which blocked the cities' drainage channels.
Also, litter management policies, regulations, programmes, initiatives, activities and projects must be regularly and comprehensively communicated to the stakeholders for their information, education and actions. This has to do with the content of information on all aspects of litter management including:
(i) adoption of the 4R concept-reduce, reuse, recycle and recovery;
(ii) storage and segregation at source;
(iii) awareness creation on the ill effects of poor solid WM such as health hazards, aesthetic damage, environmental issues , e.g. flooding etc. and,
(iii) capacity building for community people on the various technical options (including conversion of wastes to resources).
There is a great concern that policy-makers do not utilize research findings to meet societal expectation. This is due to the lack of communication between researchers and policy makers, and non-involvement of community stakeholders in determining what research to be done. The lesson to be learnt from this practice is an evidence that community engagement and uptake may be an essential element of translating research evidence into policy action in Nigeria and other African countries. This best practice has a great potential to be replicated across the world.
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- Africa
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Contact Information
Taiwo Hammed, Dr