The CRED Initiative: Context Reputation Evaluation and Dissent
Description
Our four main objectives can be summed up as: Context, Reputation, Evaluation and Dissent.\r\n\r\nContext\r\nOur browser extension aims to provide context to various media articles. With the click of a button, a user would be able to see a quantifiable figure, representing the similarity of claims to other articles. With the click of another button, the user could see detailed information regarding their article’s claims. It would include a line diagram, representing the spectrum of articles with various claims, for visual clarity; this would allow users to navigate the diverse landscape of opinions, in an accessible way. \r\nReputation\r\nOne use of this growing measure of article context is keeping track of media outlets’ leanings toward and from the mainstream Climate Change opinion. It would take the form of an emerging score for news outlets: a sort of accumulation of each article’s individual scores, but not reliant on any one particular outlying article. The intention for this score is a general guideline toward media outlets’ inclinations on Climate Change, yet may potentially be useful for users looking for mainstream or deviant opinions.\r\n\r\nEvidence\r\nOur initiative, ultimately, is a reaction to a growing culture of media misinformation. So naturally, evidence is important. In the process of accessing detailed information, users will be provided with full links to articles from which their context scores were derived. \r\n\r\nDissent\r\nA small but interesting part of the program is a Devil’s Advocate feature. That is, using the information on the correlation between articles, our program would recommend articles of a different point of view, or at least, the ‘most’ radically different view of the topic at hand. The system will be carefully designed to trail the fine line between contrarianism and fake news. \r\n\r\nThese objectives will be achieved through various NLP techniques, to identify claims, and correlate articles. Claim identification will use a mixture of POS tagging, and lexical centrality. In addition to Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) and sentiment analysis, Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), a topic modelling technique, will be used to specifically identify climate change related claims. For correlation, we plan to use LSA supplemented with processes derived from LexRank (lexical centrality), to generate claim/document similarities.
The curated news feed will be made available to the internet, for potential users to receive. The program itself will become available as an open-source project for those interested to use.\r\nThe hope is that these programs will be further expanded outside the scope of Climate Change in the future. The ability to measure the inter-article consistency of an article can become a powerful tool to mitigate the effects of misinformation. The program’s scope could possibly be expanded to include other major issues inclusive of public health, gender inequality, political misinformation etc. \r\nAnother possible expansion will be the introduction of multi-lingual sources. The scope of the current program is english articles, which does limit the extensibility of use to English-proficient users. The conversion to non-English NLP techniques is not a trivial problem; the simple use of google translate would not give sufficient conversion process.
ITS Education and Global Citizen Capital will be working with Jeff Kim as advisors. This will take the form of meetings on a weekly/bi-weekly basis to update on the progress of the initiative as well as take advice. Jeff Kim will be developing the program all throughout the duration of the initiative. \r\n\r\nTo scale the initiative, we will also be reaching out to local news organizations as well as global NGOs who regulate information distribution for some advice. Their input, based on expert experience in the field of journalism, will help steer the project development towards an outcome with more impact. This interaction will mainly take the form of email correspondence. \r\n\r\nIn terms of digital coordination, our program, run on cloud computing, will be a server for each user client. The chrome extension, installed on a user’s computer, will access this server for up-to-date information, as well as requesting a certain article for analysis. Our store of articles themselves will be archived on the cloud storage database.\r\n\r\nOur climate change article database will be updated daily, searching various news RSS feeds for new updates. This database currently includes mainstream news sources such as The New York Times, The Guardian, Fox News as well as less commonplace sources such as the Environmental Defense Fund’s Climate 411 blog, the Union of Concerned Scientist or NoTrickZone (a popular blog for Climate Change Contrarians). This is to convey the mediasphere in its most holistic sense.
SDGS & Targets
Goal 8
Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all
8.1
8.1.1
Annual growth rate of real GDP per capita
8.2
Achieve higher levels of economic productivity through diversification, technological upgrading and innovation, including through a focus on high-value added and labour-intensive sectors
8.2.1
Annual growth rate of real GDP per employed person
8.3
Promote development-oriented policies that support productive activities, decent job creation, entrepreneurship, creativity and innovation, and encourage the formalization and growth of micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprises, including through access to financial services
8.3.1
Proportion of informal employment in total employment, by sector and sex
8.4
Improve progressively, through 2030, global resource efficiency in consumption and production and endeavour to decouple economic growth from environmental degradation, in accordance with the 10-Year Framework of Programmes on Sustainable Consumption and Production, with developed countries taking the lead
8.4.1
Material footprint, material footprint per capita, and material footprint per GDP
8.4.2
Domestic material consumption, domestic material consumption per capita, and domestic material consumption per GDP
8.5
8.5.1
Average hourly earnings of female and male employees, by occupation, age and persons with disabilities
8.5.2
Unemployment rate, by sex, age and persons with disabilities
8.6
8.6.1
Proportion of youth (aged 15-24 years) not in education, employment or training
8.7
Take immediate and effective measures to eradicate forced labour, end modern slavery and human trafficking and secure the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labour, including recruitment and use of child soldiers, and by 2025 end child labour in all its forms
8.7.1
Proportion and number of children aged 5‑17 years engaged in child labour, by sex and age
8.8
Protect labour rights and promote safe and secure working environments for all workers, including migrant workers, in particular women migrants, and those in precarious employment
8.8.1
Fatal and non-fatal occupational injuries per 100,000 workers, by sex and migrant status
8.8.2
Level of national compliance with labour rights (freedom of association and collective bargaining) based on International Labour Organization (ILO) textual sources and national legislation, by sex and migrant status
8.9
By 2030, devise and implement policies to promote sustainable tourism that creates jobs and promotes local culture and products
8.9.1
Tourism direct GDP as a proportion of total GDP and in growth rate
8.10
Strengthen the capacity of domestic financial institutions to encourage and expand access to banking, insurance and financial services for all
8.10.1
(a) Number of commercial bank branches per 100,000 adults and (b) number of automated teller machines (ATMs) per 100,000 adults
8.10.2
Proportion of adults (15 years and older) with an account at a bank or other financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider
8.a
8.a.1
Aid for Trade commitments and disbursements
8.b
By 2020, develop and operationalize a global strategy for youth employment and implement the Global Jobs Pact of the International Labour Organization
8.b.1
Existence of a developed and operationalized national strategy for youth employment, as a distinct strategy or as part of a national employment strategy
Goal 16
Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
16.1
Significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death rates everywhere
16.1.1
16.1.2
16.1.3
Proportion of population subjected to (a) physical violence, (b) psychological violence and/or (c) sexual violence in the previous 12 months
16.1.4
Proportion of population that feel safe walking alone around the area they live after dark
16.2
End abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against and torture of children
16.2.1
Proportion of children aged 1–17 years who experienced any physical punishment and/or psychological aggression by caregivers in the past month
16.2.2
16.2.3
Proportion of young women and men aged 18–29 years who experienced sexual violence by age 18
16.3
Promote the rule of law at the national and international levels and ensure equal access to justice for all
16.3.1
Proportion of victims of (a) physical, (b) psychological and/or (c) sexual violence in the previous 12 months who reported their victimization to competent authorities or other officially recognized conflict resolution mechanisms
16.3.2
16.3.3
Proportion of the population who have experienced a dispute in the past two years and who accessed a formal or informal dispute resolution mechanism, by type of mechanism
16.4
By 2030, significantly reduce illicit financial and arms flows, strengthen the recovery and return of stolen assets and combat all forms of organized crime
16.4.1
16.4.2
16.5
Substantially reduce corruption and bribery in all their forms
16.5.1
16.5.2
16.6
Develop effective, accountable and transparent institutions at all levels
16.6.1
16.6.2
Proportion of population satisfied with their last experience of public services
16.7
Ensure responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decision-making at all levels
16.7.1
Proportions of positions in national and local institutions, including (a) the legislatures; (b) the public service; and (c) the judiciary, compared to national distributions, by sex, age, persons with disabilities and population groups
16.7.2
16.8
Broaden and strengthen the participation of developing countries in the institutions of global governance
16.8.1
Proportion of members and voting rights of developing countries in international organizations
16.9
By 2030, provide legal identity for all, including birth registration
16.9.1
16.10
Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms, in accordance with national legislation and international agreements
16.10.1
16.10.2
16.a
Strengthen relevant national institutions, including through international cooperation, for building capacity at all levels, in particular in developing countries, to prevent violence and combat terrorism and crime
16.a.1
16.b
Promote and enforce non-discriminatory laws and policies for sustainable development
16.b.1
Goal 13
Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
13.1
Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries
13.1.1
Number of deaths, missing persons and directly affected persons attributed to disasters per 100,000 population
13.1.2
Number of countries that adopt and implement national disaster risk reduction strategies in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030
13.1.3
Proportion of local governments that adopt and implement local disaster risk reduction strategies in line with national disaster risk reduction strategies
13.2
Integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies and planning
13.2.1
Number of countries with nationally determined contributions, long-term strategies, national adaptation plans and adaptation communications, as reported to the secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
13.2.2
Total greenhouse gas emissions per year
13.3
Improve education, awareness-raising and human and institutional capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction and early warning
13.3.1
Extent to which (i) global citizenship education and (ii) education for sustainable development are mainstreamed in (a) national education policies; (b) curricula; (c) teacher education; and (d) student assessment
13.a
Implement the commitment undertaken by developed-country parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to a goal of mobilizing jointly $100 billion annually by 2020 from all sources to address the needs of developing countries in the context of meaningful mitigation actions and transparency on implementation and fully operationalize the Green Climate Fund through its capitalization as soon as possible
13.a.1
Amounts provided and mobilized in United States dollars per year in relation to the continued existing collective mobilization goal of the $100 billion commitment through to 2025
13.b
Promote mechanisms for raising capacity for effective climate change-related planning and management in least developed countries and small island developing States, including focusing on women, youth and local and marginalized communities
13.b.1
Number of least developed countries and small island developing States with nationally determined contributions, long-term strategies, national adaptation plans and adaptation communications, as reported to the secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
SDG 14 targets covered
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Contact Information
Jeff Seung Ho Kim, Founder