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United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Sustainable Development

Control of marine litter inflow via rivers Bojana and Sutorina into the sea, defined in the National Action Plan of Montenegro (NAP) for the implementation of the LBS Protocol and its Regional Plans in the Framework of the SAP-MED with the aim to achieve

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    Description
    Description
    The Bojana River is an interstate watercourse, which basin covers the total surface area of about 19,000 km2, from the territories of Montenegro, Serbia, i.e., Kosovo, Macedonia, Greece and Albania. The share of waters from Montenegro in the total balance of the Bojana is estimated at around 35%. The mean flow of the Bojana is around 680m3/sec, making it the second biggest tributary of the Adriatic Sea. Due to high water level changes, flooding of the surrounding areas both on the Montenegrin and Albanian side and thus, of marine litter input into the sea, are very frequent occurrences (extreme floods in 2010 caused transport of marine litter inputted via the Bojana River to the Croatian shore as well). Bojana also receives wastewater from the town of Shkodra, which are not treated, as well as other solid floating waste from the peripheral surfaces. Decelerated flow and closing of the riverbed's profile at the mouth of the river (due to sediment deposits and relatively small depths) reinforce pollution effects, as well as numerous raft houses on both banks discharging foul water, solid waste and packaging directly into the watercourse. Monitoring of pollution load input via tributaries is an integral part of the programme of the monitoring marine ecosystem of Montenegro, but it did not include marine litter input except data on the contents of suspended matters. Pollution above the permitted limits (as compared to the prescribed surface water quality classes) has been registered in the Bojana and Sutorina rivers.
    Extreme precipitation, especially in the Bay of Kotor, cause water overflows from the beds of these streams and local character flooding which result in a large solid waste input into the sea. According to the vulnerability assessment of the coastal zone which was conducted within the CAMP programme, improper disposal of solid waste stands out as one of the main pressures on land, which includes marine litter quantities.
    Main objectives of the project are:
    - Prevent flooding of the Bojana River by constantly maintaining and renewing the levees on both sides of the river bed and thus prevent inputs of large quantities of floating waste (marine litter) into the sea; In the framework of The Buna/Bojana Transboundary Integrated Management Plan, implement joint activities in cooperation between Montenegro and Albania aimed at preventing or reducing the input of solid and liquid municipal waste relating to the removal of artificial barriers in the watercourse and its tributaries.
    - Given the importance of preserving the quality of therapeutic mud in Igalo Bay and of mineral water springs, priority is to connect all the settlements in Sutorina Field and tourist settlement Njivice to the sewage network as part of a separate project.
    - Implement measures to remediate and clean-up selected torrential streams and numerous storm sewer system channels.
    - Introduce the obligation for newly erected illegal settlements on the Bojana River to install home wastewater treatment devices, and organize the collection and removal of municipal solid waste.
    Partners
    1) Ministry of Sustainable Development and Tourism, Department for Sustainable Development and ICZM (lead entity, Government)
    2) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development and Water Administration
    3) Environment Protection Agency (implementing body, Government)
    4) Public Enterprise for Coastal Zone Management - PECZM (implementing body)
    5) Ecotoxicological Examination Centre LLC (implementing body, company owned by the Government and scientific-research institution)
    6) Institute of Marine Biology (implementing body, public administrative body)
    7) Hydrometeorological and Seismological Institute (implementing body, scientific-research - academic institution)
    8) local utility companies.

    Goal 6

    Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all

    Goal 6

    6.1

    By 2030, achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all

    6.1.1

    Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services

    6.2

    By 2030, achieve access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all and end open defecation, paying special attention to the needs of women and girls and those in vulnerable situations

    6.2.1

    Proportion of population using (a) safely managed sanitation services and (b) a hand-washing facility with soap and water

    6.3

    By 2030, improve water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating dumping and minimizing release of hazardous chemicals and materials, halving the proportion of untreated wastewater and substantially increasing recycling and safe reuse globally

    6.3.1

    Proportion of domestic and industrial wastewater flows safely treated

    6.3.2

    Proportion of bodies of water with good ambient water quality

    6.4

    By 2030, substantially increase water-use efficiency across all sectors and ensure sustainable withdrawals and supply of freshwater to address water scarcity and substantially reduce the number of people suffering from water scarcity
    6.4.1

    Change in water-use efficiency over time

    6.4.2

    Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources

    6.5

    By 2030, implement integrated water resources management at all levels, including through transboundary cooperation as appropriate

    6.5.1

    Degree of integrated water resources management 

    6.5.2

    Proportion of transboundary basin area with an operational arrangement for water cooperation

    6.6

    By 2020, protect and restore water-related ecosystems, including mountains, forests, wetlands, rivers, aquifers and lakes
    6.6.1

    Change in the extent of water-related ecosystems over time

    6.a

    By 2030, expand international cooperation and capacity-building support to developing countries in water- and sanitation-related activities and programmes, including water harvesting, desalination, water efficiency, wastewater treatment, recycling and reuse technologies
    6.a.1

    Amount of water- and sanitation-related official development assistance that is part of a government-coordinated spending plan

    6.b

    Support and strengthen the participation of local communities in improving water and sanitation management

    6.b.1

    Proportion of local administrative units with established and operational policies and procedures for participation of local communities in water and sanitation management

    Goal 14

    Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development

    Goal 14

    14.1

    By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution

    14.1.1

    (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density

    14.2

    By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans

    14.2.1

    Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas

    14.3

    Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels

    14.3.1
    Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations

    14.4

    By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science-based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics

    14.4.1
    Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels

    14.5

    By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information

    14.5.1
    Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas

    14.6

    By 2020, prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the World Trade Organization fisheries subsidies negotiation

    14.6.1

    Degree of implementation of international instruments aiming to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing

    14.7

    By 2030, increase the economic benefits to Small Island developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism

    14.7.1

    Sustainable fisheries as a proportion of GDP in small island developing States, least developed countries and all countries

    14.a

    Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries

    14.a.1
    Proportion of total research budget allocated to research in the field of marine technology

    14.b

    Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets

    14.b.1

    Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small‐scale fisheries

    14.c

    Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources by implementing international law as reflected in United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources, as recalled in paragraph 158 of "The future we want"

    14.c.1

    Number of countries making progress in ratifying, accepting and implementing through legal, policy and institutional frameworks, ocean-related instruments that implement international law, as reflected in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, for the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans and their resources

    Name Description
    14.1 By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution
    Project documentation for the Bojana River developed and Funds for the work of inter-state commission between Montenegro and Albania provided
    Monitoring of marine litter input via both rivers and maintain banks and channels implemented
    Marine Litter Management Plan for the Bojana River developed
    Maintenance of levees on the Bojana, deepening of the riverbed and of the right arm of the Bojana River's mouth, regular riverbed clean-up around the existing bridges and the mouth of the Bojana River
    Other, please specify
    Estimated Project Value 1,000,000. There are no further information on the mobilized resources.
    No progress reports have been submitted. Please sign in and click here to submit one.
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    Timeline
    01 January 1970 (start date)
    01 January 1970 (date of completion)
    Entity
    Ministry of Sustainable Development and Tourism, Department for Sustainable Development and Integrated Coastal Zone Management
    SDGs
    Geographical coverage
    Podgorica, Montenegro
    Ocean Basins
    Global
    Communities of Ocean Action
    Marine pollution
    Website/More information
    N/A
    Countries
    N/A
    Contact Information

    Jelena Knezevic, Head of Department for Sustainable Development and Integrated Coastal Zone Management