Major Group: Women

Open Working Group on the SDGs: 12th Session, June 16-20, 2014
“Introduction and Proposed Goals and Targets on Sustainable Development for the Post2015 Development Agenda”
Comments prepared by the Women’s Major Group on the zero-draft presented by the OWG co-chairs on 2 of June 2014
Version 15 June

Proposed new text in bold and highlighted
Recommendations for deletion with a black strike
Comments in italics
Goals in blue (for easier reading only)

Table of contents:
Introduction – p1
1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere and full implementation of all human rights for all – p 4
2. End hunger, achieve food sovereignty security and the right to adequate nutrition for all, and promote sustainable agriculture with agro-ecological practices on local and regional food security – p 5
3. Attain healthy life for all at all ages – p 6
4. Provide equitable and inclusive quality education and life-long learning opportunities for all -- 8
5. Achieve Attain gender equality, the full realization of women and girls human rights and empowerment of all women and girls everywhere – p 9
6. Secure Ensure the right to water and sanitation for all for a sustainable world -- 10
7. Ensure access to affordable, sustainable, and reliable modern energy services for all – p11
8. Ensure Promote decent work for all and strong, inclusive and sustainable economic development– p 12
9. Promote sustainable industrialization DELETE or: Promote sustainable industrialization production and service development and ensure retention of value added in low-income countries in all sectors -- 14
10. Reduce inequality within and among countries – p 15
11. Build inclusive, resilient safe and sustainable cities and human settlements – p 18
12. Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns – p 20
13. Promote actions at all levels to Enact strongest address measures for climate change protection at all levels
14. Attain conservation and sustainable use of marine resources, oceans and seas – p 23
15. Protect and restore terrestrial ecosystems and halt all biodiversity loss -- p 24
16. Achieve peaceful and inclusive societies, rule of law, effective responsive and capable institutions and just governance
17. Strengthen and enhance Ensure the means of implementation and global partnership for sustainable development – p 26

Introduction/chapeau
1.Poverty eradication is the greatest global challenge facing the world today and an indispensable requirement for sustainable development. We are therefore committed to freeing humanity from poverty and hunger and inequalities as a matter of urgency.

2.We recognize that poverty eradication, ending inequality and advancing human rights for all, and changing unsustainable and promoting sustainable patterns of consumption and production and protecting and managing the natural resource base of economic and social development are the overarching objectives of and essential requirements for sustainable development.

3.We reaffirm our commitment to fully implement the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, Agenda 21, the Programme for the Further Implementation of Agenda 21, the Plan of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development (Johannesburg Plan of Implementation) and the Johannesburg Declaration on Sustainable Development of the World Summit on Sustainable Development, the Programme of Action for the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States (Barbados Programme of Action) and the Mauritius Strategy for the Further Implementation of the Programme of Action for the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States. We also reaffirm our commitment to the full implementation of the Programme of Action for the Least Developed Countries for the Decade 2011-2020 Istanbul Programme of Action), the Almaty Programme of Action: Addressing the Needs of Landlocked Developing Countries within a New Global Framework for Transit Transport Cooperation for Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries, the political declaration on Africa’s development needs, and the New Partnership for Africa’s Development. We recall as well our commitments in the outcomes of all the major United Nations conferences and summits in the economic, social and environmental fields, including the United Nations Millennium Declaration, the 2005 World Summit Outcome, the Monterrey Consensus of the International Conference on Financing for Development, the Doha Declaration on Financing for Development: outcome document of the Follow-up International Conference on Financing for Development to Review the Implementation of the Monterrey Consensus, the Conference on the World Financial
and Economic Crisis and Its Impact on Development, the outcome document of the High-level Plenary Meeting of the General Assembly on the Millennium Development Goals, the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development, the key actions for the further implementation of the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action and their subsequent reviews.

Comment: This introduction is based on the Future We Want. The proposed text is based on para 16 of ‘The Future We Want

4.We reaffirm that we continue to be guided by the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, with full respect for international law and its principles. We further reaffirm the importance of freedom, peace and security, respect for all human rights, including the right to development and the right to an adequate standard of living, including the right to food, the rule of law, good governance, gender equality, women’s rights and empowerment and the overall commitment to just and democratic societies for development. We recognize the urgent need to halt the race to the bottom created by our global trade, investment and migration conditions.

Comment: We appreciate that the chapeau mentions peace and security, which is critical to SD and not just an enabler

5.We reaffirm the importance of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, as well as other international instruments relating to human rights and international law, including the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and the International Convention of the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families, which should be the basis of and mainstreamed across the SDGs framework. We emphasize the responsibilities of all States, in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations, to respect, protect and promote human rights and fundamental freedoms for all, without distinction of any kind as to race, class, caste, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth, disability, age, sexual orientation, gender identity, migration status, or any other status.

Comment:
• The reference to core conventions is based on preambular para 3 of the 47th session of the CPD
• The listing is based on para 9 of the Future We Want

6.We recognize that people and planet are at the centre of sustainable development and, in this regard, we strive for a world that is just, equitable and inclusive, and we commit to work together to promote transform the current growth-based development model by committing to sustained integrating sustainable and inclusive economic growth development, equitable benefit sharing, social development and environmental protection within planetary boundaries and thereby to benefit all.

We recognize that climate change is a global and growing crisis affecting all peoples in all countries, and we affirm a commitment to urgent action to address the causes and consequences of the crisis, which is already an existential challenge to many communities, and especially to women and girls in those communities. We recognize the risks of inaction to the interlinked global environmental, economic and social systems and strive to address it following the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and recognizing the right to development, need for differentiation in economic development, and that circular, stable ‘non-growth’ pathways for developed countries are desirable.

Comment: Climate change is one of the biggest challenges for poverty reduction and sustainable development and needs to be mentioned in the chapeau as well as reflected in a goal and targets



We recognize that gender equality, the human rights of women and girls, and their effective participation are important for effective action on all aspects of sustainable development, that must be guaranteed including through the repeal of discriminatory laws and the removal of formal barriers, ensuring equal access to justice and legal support, the reform of institutions to ensure competence and capacity for gender mainstreaming and the development and adoption of innovative and special approaches to address informal, harmful practices that act as barriers to gender equality. We reaffirm our commitments to ensure women's equal rights, access and opportunities for participation and leadership in the economy, society and political decision-making. In addition to a stand-alone goal, the human rights and empowerment of women and girls and gender equality must be mainstreamed across the SDGs framework and its monitoring.
Comment: This proposal is based on paras. 31, 45, 238 and 242 of The Future We Want
7.We affirm that there are different approaches, visions, models and tools available to each country, in accordance with its national circumstances and priorities, to achieve sustainable development in its three dimensions.

8.We recognize that each country faces specific challenges to achieve sustainable development, and we underscore the special challenges facing the most vulnerable countries and, in particular, African countries, least developed countries, landlocked developing countries and Small Island developing States, as well as the specific challenges facing the middle-income countries. Countries in situations of conflict also need special attention.

9.We reaffirm all the principles of the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, including, inter alia, the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, as set out in principle 7 thereof.
10. We reaffirm our commitment to strengthen international cooperation to address the persistent challenges related to sustainable development for all, in particular in developing countries. Sustainable development can only be achieved with a broad alliance of people, governments, civil society and the private sector, all working together to secure the future we want for present and future generations. We reiterate the central responsibility that governments of all levels have to their people and reaffirm our commitment to improving the linkages between the environmental, social and economic aspects of sustainable development.

11.We reaffirm that the means of implementation identified in Agenda 21, the Programme for the Further Implementation of Agenda 21, the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation, the Monterrey Consensus of the International Conference on Financing for Development and the Doha Declaration on Financing for Development are indispensable for achieving the full and effective translation of sustainable development commitments into tangible sustainable development outcomes. We reiterate that each country has primary responsibility for its own economic and social development and that the role of national policies, domestic resources and development strategies cannot be overemphasized. However, as current global structures are often skewed against developing countries we therefore agree to transform current imbalances in the international financial and trade structures to benefit those currently living in poverty.

Comment: due to current imbalances of financial and trade structures, even with the most enlightened progressive domestic policies can hardly eliminate poverty, with women being the majority of the poor this is a priority for WMG

12. We reaffirm that developing countries need additional resources for sustainable development, and in view of their responsibility, developed countries should re-commit the 0,7% share of GDP to ODA and ensure debt sustainability, debt restructuring and debt relief. We recognize the need for significant mobilization of resources from a variety of sources and the effective use of financing, in order to promote sustainable development. While encouraging new financing means, we commit to ensure that Global Agreements do not allow infringement by corporate actors on human rights and on national policy space that blocks rights-based, development oriented social, economic and environmental policies. We acknowledge the need for stable, multilateral and equitable financial system, with fully representative and participatory international institutions to regulate systemically important international banks and rating agencies, markets for commodity derivatives and international capital flows. We also acknowledge the need to ensure that international trade should work to the benefit of developing countries and to help meet their development objectives by ensuring policy space and creating opportunities for all, in particular does not harm any marginalised constituencies including women, small farmers and producers, and youth, indigenous peoples, the elderly. We acknowledge that good governance and the rule of law at the national and international levels are essential for sustained, inclusive and equitable economic growth, development sustainable development and the eradication of poverty and hunger.

13.Sustainable Development Goals are accompanied by targets and will be further elaborated through indicators focused on measurable outcomes. They are action oriented, global in nature and universally applicable to all countries, while taking into account different national realities, capacities and levels of development and respecting national policies and priorities. They integrate economic, social and environmental aspects and recognize their interlinkages in achieving sustainable development in all its dimensions.
Proposed Goal 1: End poverty in all its forms everywhere and full implementation of all human rights for all

Comment: the inability of the MDGs to eliminate extreme poverty are directly linked with continued discrimination and inequality in opportunity, therefore ensuring the human rights for all is a prerequisite to achieve poverty eradication. This goal is closely linked with Rule of Law, goal 16

1.1 by 2020, eradicate extreme poverty by bringing the number of people living below poverty lines on less than $1.25 a day to zero with a focus on structural barriers faced by women and the most marginalized groups

Comment: The MDG1 indicator of $1,25 does not represent a line above which people can live in dignity. There is a need to address the multidimensional face of poverty and be based on human rights, through elimination of all forms of discrimination, including in law enforcement policies. In light of the enormous wealth that has accumulated, and in recognition of the well-researched causes of poverty, waiting till 2030 is unacceptable. If an income indicator is used, than better use a percentage of medium income, e.g. less than 60% of medium income.

1.2 reduce by at least x% the proportion of people living below national poverty lines by 2030

1.3 by 2020, fully implement nationally appropriate universal social protection measures including setting floors for public care services, housing, education, water and sanitation and health care, with a focus on coverage of the poor, women, the most marginalized groups and people in vulnerable situations

Comment: The timeline of 2030 is far too long, this is the most urgent measure to combat poverty. Social protection needs to be universalized. It is about all the right to social protection, not just about a minimum safety net for the very miserable. All people, including middle classes, need to be included for this to be a meaningful goal and implementable.

1.4 by 2030 achieve equal access to productive employment and decent work for all, including the poor, persons with disabilities, and other people in vulnerable situations as well as women and young people, with visibility to unpaid work on which the economy relies

1.5 by 2030 ensure development opportunities for all men and women, including secure equal rights to own land, property, energy, information, technology and other productive resources, and access to financial services, with particular focus on the women, the poor, the most marginalized and people in vulnerable situations

Comment: We suggest the deletion of the word “own”. To guarantee and protect a number of important and valuable tenure arrangements—whose nature and prevalence can vary across the globe—it is important that targets and indicators reflect a range of rights that can include the rights to use, control, own, rent, lease, mortgage, exclude, inherit and otherwise make decisions about land. We applaud that OWG has specifically singled out land. Among productive resources, it has a foundational linkage to the multiple dimensions of poverty -- economic, political, social, and nutritional. “Secure rights” to land are a key structural factor in determining one's access to income, wealth, food, power, housing, credit, government services, and household- and community-level decision-making. A target on productive resources that explicitly mentions land is essential to galvanize global action around an issue that is increasingly being recognized – see for instance the suggested targets proposed by the High-Level Panel in its Post-2015 Report and, more recently, by the Open Working Group in its May and June reports, as well as the indicators proposed by the Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN).

1.6 by 2030 strengthen early warning and disaster risk reduction systems and related capacities with the aim of building resilience and protecting the poor, with a focus on women, marginalized groups and those in vulnerable situations from disasters and shocks, including climate-related extreme events and anthropogenic disasters

1.7 pursue sustained and inclusive economic growth development based on redistribution of decent work and sustainable consumption and production as a key enabler for achieving poverty eradication,

Comment: We applaud the co-chairs for adding this target to integrate Goal 1 with Goal 8. however, the belief that growth equals development and that wealth will trickle down has been shown to be a myth. The original language goes against sustainable production and consumption and equity, and either needs to be changed as proposed, or deleted.

1.8 integrate biodiversity conservation measures into national and local development strategies, planning processes and poverty reduction strategies

Comment: we applaud the co-chairs for adding this target to integrate Goal 1 with Goal 15,.

Proposed goal 2. End hunger, achieve food sovereignty security and the right to adequate nutrition for all throughout the life-cycle, and promote sustainable agriculture with agro-ecological practices on local and regional food security

Comment: “Food sovereignty” is a broader concept than food security, and is an essential prerequisite for food security. This goal should be implemented under the principle of Common But Differentiated Responsibilities, and requires subsidies in developed countries to be removed, as well as a revision of Intellectual Property Rights rules to protect public health and equitably share the benefits of natural resources management.

2.1 by 203020 end hunger and ensure that all people have access to adequate, safe, appropriate, affordable, diverse, sustainable, and nutritious, healthy, GMO and toxic free food all year round by 2030

Comment: It is important to retain the word “diverse” from the FA document of the OWG 11. This target should be a high priority and thus, afforded a shorter timeline.

2.2 end malnutrition in all its forms, including under-nutrition, micronutrient deficiencies and obesity and overweight, with special attention to reducing stunting by 40% and wasting to less than 5% in children less than 5 14 years of age by 2025, and address the nutritional needs of pregnant and lactating women, including those living with HIV/AIDS

Comment: Pregnant and lactating women as well as those living with HIV/AIDS have specific nutritional needs. It is crucial that these groups are called out specifically.

2.3 by 2030, substantially increase small-scale food producers’ incomes and productivity, including small family farmers, pastoralists and fishers, with a particular focus on women, through increased access to agricultural and water resources and commons

Comment: Small-scale food producers’ access to agricultural and water resources, including commons, is crucial to increasing their incomes and productivity.

2.4 by 2030 achieve secure rights to land and other productive resources, access to adequate and appropriate inputs, knowledge and productive resources, financial services and markets for all, especially for small and family farmers, pastoralists, and fishers, with a particular focus on women and indigenous peoples

Comment: Smallholder farmers, pastoralists and fisherfolk, both women and men, are recognized as economic actors guaranteeing their secure rights to land and aquatic resources, forests and other ecosystems. Indigenous peoples should be specifically called out to ensure their protection.

2.4 bis concentration and misappropriation of land and their social and environmental negative impacts are halted, land grabbing is prevented and productive lands are redistributed

Comment: This could be achieved through socially just and environmentally sound land reform programs to guarantee women’s human rights to land tenure, allowing collective ownership and governance over natural resources

2.5 by 2030, develop food systems that are more productive, sustainable, resilient and efficient, and minimize adverse human and environmental impacts without compromising food and nutrition security, strengthening local food production systems, eliminate use of highly hazardous pesticides and phasing out unsustainable forms of agriculture and fisheries

Comment: Sustainable food systems should reduce the intensity of the use of water, chemicals, and fossil-fuel based energy, as well as substitute all highly hazardous pesticides with safer, non-chemical alternatives. Unsustainable forms of agriculture and fisheries should be phased out through a combination of regulation, fiscal reform, and incentives.

2.6 by 2030 reduce by 50% global food waste at retail and consumer level

2.7 by 2030 reduce by 50% production and post-harvest food losses and those along food supply chains

2.8 by 2030, fully implement agricultural and agro-ecological practices that strengthen resilience and adaptation to extreme weather, drought, climate change and natural disasters, in particular for small-scale farmers, with particular focus on women and other marginalized groups

Comment: Extreme weather, drought, climate change and disasters require legal and programmatic preparedness frameworks.

2.8 bis communities, especially women, are adequately prepared for and equipped to mitigate climate change impacts on agriculture and water resources and climate change resilience is mainstreamed into sustainable practices and methodologies.

2.9 achieve by 2030 protection, conservation and sustainable use of agricultural biodiversity and forests, including through enhanced use and application of indigenous practices and local and traditional knowledge, and through environmentally and socially sound sustainable agricultural research and development related to agro-biodiversity and diversity of food, free of GMOs and toxics

Comment: this R&D on agro-biodiversity would need to be defined to specifically NOT be related to Genetic Manipulation of Organisms GMO

2.9. bis the rights of women and men over traditional seeds are guaranteed and genetic resources are managed under a human rights, sustainable, socially just and accountable framework

2.10 improve effectiveness of addressing humanitarian food emergencies, including as appropriate through stockholding

2.11 Between now and 2020 fully implement measures that curb excessive food price volatility and ensure proper functioning of markets.

Comment: 2030 is far too long a timeline, curbing volatile food prices is one of the most urgent actions against poverty eradication.

Proposed goal 3. Attain healthy life for all at all ages

3.1 by 2030 eliminate preventable reduce the maternal mortality and morbidity ratio to less than 40 per 100,000 live births

3.2 by 2030 end preventable newborn, infant and under-five deaths

Comment: We welcome the distinction between target 3.1 on maternal health and target 3.2 on child health.

3.3 by 2025 end HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and neglected tropical diseases by guaranteeing equitable, universal and affordable access to prevention, treatment, care and support for all people across the life course, with a particular focus on adolescents and young people;

Comment: 2030 is too late

3.4 by 2030 reduce by x% premature deaths from non-communicable diseases (NCDs), reduce deaths from injuries, including halving road traffic deaths, promote mental health and wellbeing, and strengthen prevention and treatment of narcotic drug and substance abuse reduce by x% the burden of health harm and premature death associated with unhealthy foods and alcohol, tobacco and other drugs

Comment: The Women’s Major Group had previously called for the deletion of a target on narcotic drug and substance abuse. We would prefer that it not be included in the document. If that is not feasible, we suggest refocusing instead on the range of factors that can harm health and contribute to premature deaths, including unhealthy food, alcohol, tobacco and other drugs. The language proposed by the Open Working Group “strengthen prevention and treatment of narcotic drug and substance abuse” could result into an interpretation that does not allow for effective interventions to treat opiate dependency, namely opiate substitution treatment, which is recommended in many WHO guidelines. There is also concern that this target preempts the outcomes of the 2016 UNGASS on Drugs.

3.5 increase healthy life expectancy for all by x% at birth and at age 60”

3.6 by 2030 achieve universal health coverage (UHC), strengthened health systems and an adequate health workforce, including financial risk protection, with particular attention to the most marginalized and people in vulnerable situations.

3.7 by 2030 ensure universal availability and access to safe, effective and quality affordable essential medicines, vaccines and immunizations, and medical technologies for all

3.8 by 2030 ensure universal access to high-quality, comprehensive, equitable and integrated sexual and reproductive health services, information and education, and respect, protect and fulfill all human rights in this regard, with a particular focus on adolescents and young people

Comment: It is essential to include a reference to adolescents and young people in target 3.8. Adolescents and young people have unique sexual and reproductive health needs that require urgent action:
• Adolescents aged 15-19 are twice as likely to die during pregnancy or child birth as those over age 20; girls under age 15 are five times more likely to die (UNFPA State of the World’s Population Report, 2013).
• According to the most recent data available (2004), adolescents account for an estimated 2.5 million (14%) of the approximately 19 million unsafe abortions that occur annually in the developing world. In Sub-Saharan Africa, adolescents account for 25% of the total unsafe abortions (Shah I and Ahman E, Age patterns of unsafe abortion in developing country regions, Reproductive Health Matters, 2004).
• In 2010 young people aged 15–24 accounted for 42% of new HIV infections in people aged 15 and older. Among young people living with HIV, nearly 80% (4 million) live in sub-Saharan Africa (UNAIDS World AIDS Day Report, 2012).

3.9 by 2030 eliminate preventable crease by x% the number of deaths and illnesses from chemicals, indoor and outdoor air pollution and other forms of environmental degradation, particularly for children, women and other groups at higher risk of exposure

3.10 Generate and provide global access to a standard data set for information on cancer, hormone (endocrine) disruption, reproductive toxicity, and other health risks of all substances used in industrial processes and agriculture by 2020

Comment: Important recognition of the environmental degradation impact on health and suggest that it also address chemical-linked determinants of ill health.

Proposed goal 4: Provide equitable and inclusive quality education and life-long learning opportunities for all
4.1 by 2030 implement the right to education by ensuring for all girls and boys complete free, equitable and quality primary and secondary education, leading to relevant and effective learning outcomes with particular attention to gender equality and with focus on the most marginalized groups

Comment: There is a high risk that learning outcomes ultimately refers to measurement of learning, the use of standardized assessments and a culture of testing, which overlooks diversity across educational contexts.

4.2 by 2030 ensure equal access for all to affordable free quality tertiary education and guarantee equal access to life-long learning opportunities for young and adult women and men

Comment: The use of “affordable” is in many times synonymous of “cheap”. It is also related with the involvement of the private sector in education through “low cost private schools” program in developing countries.

4.3 by 2030 increase by x% the proportion ensure equal access for all children to quality education and their ability complete to quality pre-primary education and other early childhood care and education.

4.4 by 2030 achieve universal youth and adult literacy and an increase by x% of basic numeracy, with particular attention to women and the most marginalized groups.

Comment: a) Youth and Adult Literacy is essential for their exercise of the right to education, and a condition for women and men to develop their whole potential as human beings, to fully exercise their citizenship and their working life. In this sense, an intensified focus on eradicating illiteracy is needed. Almost 800 million adults remain without literacy skills, and the majority of them are women. b) Literacy programs for woman will impact on their empowerment, but also translate into the recognition of the social returns on investment in women’s literacy, the importance of economic and environmental non-formal education for women in securing a sustainable future. c) Literacy programs must be context specific, combining technical skills (reading, writing) with the capacity to use skills to influence the world.

4.5 by 2030 increase by x% the number of young and adult women and men with the skills needed for employment, including vocational training, ICT, technical, engineering and scientific skills

4.6 by 2030 ensure that women and people in vulnerable situations and marginalized people including adolescent girls, persons with disabilities and indigenous peoples have access to inclusive education, skills development and vocational training aligned with labour market needs that facilitates their participation in the labour market, in formal and informal economy, improve their working conditions and allows them to achieve decent work.

4.7 by 2030 integrate relevant knowledge and skills in education curricula and training programs, including comprehensive sexuality education, human rights education and human rights, gender-equality, non-discrimination, conflict resolution, sustainable living, climate change, education for sustainable development and awareness raising on culture’s contribution to sustainable development

4.8 by 2030 ensure that all schools and other educational institutions provide safe, healthy, gender-sensitive, girl-friendly, non-discriminatory and inclusive learning environments for all, with adequate infrastructure, sanitation facilities and adequate resources

4.9 by 2030 enhance the provision of quality education of teaching including through promoting training for teachers and the availability of necessary resources

Additional target:

4.10 by 2030 all women, adolescent and girls have access to evidence-based, universally accessible, quality, non-judgemental comprehensive sexuality education which promotes values of respect for human rights, tolerance, gender equality and non-violence, that caters to formal, non-formal, and informal educational systems.

Comment: Comprehensive sexuality education, linked to comprehensive and integrated sexual and reproductive health services for all young people, particularly adolescent girls, both in and out of school, is key to preventing unwanted pregnancy, HIV and other STIs, and enables adolescents to make relevant choices for themselves. It should be understood as age-appropriate education about human rights, human sexuality, gender equality, relationships and sexual and reproductive health and rights through the provision of scientifically-accurate, non-judgmental information. Comprehensive sexuality education is essential for young people to promote values of tolerance, mutual respect and non-violence in relationships, and to plan their lives.

Proposed goal 5. Achieve attain gender equality, the full realization of women and girls’ human rights and the empowerment of all women and girls everywhere

Comment:
• The proposed language is in line with recommendations from various regional and international documents including the Agreed Conclusions of the 2014 58th session of the CSW (see OP 43) speak to the human rights of women and girls.
• Strongly support the inclusion of girls in the wording of the goal and relevant targets.
• Strongly support a target to eliminate harmful practices such as both child, early and forced marriage and female genital mutilation.

5.1 By 2030 end all forms of discrimination against all women and girls of all ages

5.2 by 2030 eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls in public and private spaces spheres

5.3 by 2030 eliminate all harmful practices, including child, early and forced marriage, and female genital mutilations and honor killings

5.4 by 2030 ensure equal access to quality education, including comprehensive sexuality education, and eliminate gender disparities at all levels of education and training

5.5 by 2030 ensure women’s equal access to full and productive employment and decent work, and equal pay for work of equal value

5.6 by 2030 reduce and redistribute the burden of unpaid domestic and care and domestic work through shared responsibility by states, private sector, communities, and men and women.

5.7 by 2030 ensure women’s equal access to, control and ownership of assets and natural and other productive resources, secure rights to land, property and inheritance, and ensure as well as

5.7. bis: by 2030 ensure non-discriminatory access to essential services and infrastructure, including financial services and ICT

5.8 by 2020 ensure full, equal and effective participation and leadership of women and girls at all levels of decision-making in the public and private spheres, including in conflict prevention, mediation and resolution.

5.9 by 2030 ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health and reproductive rights free from stigma, violence, coercion and discrimination for all women and girls of all ages in accordance with the Programme of Action of the ICPD

Comment: The Women’s Major Group and the women’s human rights community at large caution against the use of a qualifier such as “in accordance with the Program of Action of the ICPD in a target on universal access to sexual and reproductive health. The new development framework demands a forward-looking outcome and such qualification is retrospective and would limit what can be achieved to ensure gender equality for women and girls.

5.10 promote the availability of gender and age disaggregated data to improve the formulation, monitoring and evaluation of gender equality policies, laws and programs, including gender sensitive budgeting

5.11 fully engage men and boys to take responsibility to end discrimination and violence against women and girls, achieve gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls realize women and girls’ human rights

5.12. by 2020 guarantee access to information and justice for all women and girls

Proposed goal 6. Secure Ensure the right to water and sanitation for all for a sustainable world

6.1 by 2030 2020, ensure the human right to water and sanitation by provideing universal access to sufficient, safe and affordable drinking potable water, adequate sanitation and hygiene for all

Comment: it is not acceptable to step lower than the existing UN resolution on the human right to water and sanitation from 2010

6.2 by 2030 2020 provide universal access to sufficient, safe, affordable, and acceptable sanitation and hygiene including at home, schools, workplaces, health centers and refugee camps, paying special attention to the needs of women and girls including menstrual hygiene management, without adding extra burden of unpaid care work on them

Comment: “Sufficient, safe, affordable and acceptable” are part of agreed Right to water language.

6.3 by 2030, improve water quality by significantly reducing pollution, eliminating dumping of toxic materials, and improving wastewater management by x%, recycling and reuse by y%

6.4 by 2030, improve water-use efficiency and watersheds protection by x% across all sectors through a hierarchy of water use that prioritizes basic human needs, small-scale food production, local consumption, cultural use and healthy ecosystems

Comment: Watershed protection is also about distinguishing between consumptive and non-consumptive. Small farmers might be less “efficient” but they don’t destroy watershed.

6.5 implement integrated people-centered, participatory and accountable water resources management and governance, including appropriate and transparent trans-boundary co-operation

Comment: If not developed under a human rights framework and a participatory approach, IWRM has the potential to reduce policy-making to multi-stakeholder processes that lower the accountability of governments and relinquish decision-making to local water user entities where communities must compete for entitlements with corporate users. This often marginalizes indigenous communities and non-commercial users including landless communities and subsistence farmers, the majority of whom are women.

6.6 by 2020, ensure zero fresh water extraction beyond sustainable supply ensure sustainable extraction and supply of fresh water, and by 2020 protect and restore ecosystems and aquifers that provide water-related services

6.6 bis by 3030, significantly improve water quality, eliminate pollution and dumping of toxic materials in water bodies, and protect aquifers

Comment: Target 6 f) from the Focus Area of OWG 11. It is important to maintain language calling for the elimination of pollution and dumping of toxic materials in water bodies, particularly in the light of the need for differentiated measures to address impact on marginalized groups.

6.6 ter finance and promote indigenous, traditional and appropriate water conservation strategies including harvesting and storage technologies, and double the rainwater harvested by 2030.

Comment: Based on Target 6 g) of the Focus Area document for the OWG 11.

6.7 by 2030, decrease by x% mortality, and prevent diseases, and decrease by y% economic losses caused by natural and human-induced water-related disasters, contamination, and scarcity, especially those related to climate change

6.8 provide adequate publicly financed and operated facilities and infrastructure, both built and natural, for safe drinking water and sanitation systems, for productive equitable and sustainable uses of water resources and for mitigating the impacts of water-related disasters and health risks

6.8 bis by 2020, significantly reduce inequality in access to water supplies through hierarchy of water use that prioritizes vulnerable populations and fragile ecosystems over large-scale commercial uses.

Proposed goal 7. Ensure access to affordable, sustainable and reliable modern energy services for all

7.1 by 2030 ensure universal access to safe sustainable modern energy services for all with gender-equitable governance of and ownership over energy sources, services and technologies

7.2 double increase by 10 times the share of socially and environmentally sound renewable energy in the global energy mix by 2030

7.3 At least double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency in all sectors by 2030

7.4 by 2030 increase by at least 10 times globally the share of socially and environmentally sound non-fossil energy technologies, especially for women, households, communities, indigenous peoples, farmers and entrepreneurs, including sustainable biomass and advanced efficient lighting and cooking solutions.

7.5 by 2030 phase out inefficient fossil fuel subsidies, indirect subsidies for nuclear energy as well as incentives for carbon offsets, that encourage and wasteful consumption, with solutions that aim to secure affordable energy for the poorest with parity criteria for gender equality

7.5 bis set absolute caps to reduce energy over-consumption, especially in industrialized countries

7.6 by 2030 expand and upgrade as appropriate infrastructure for supply, transmission and distribution of socially and environmentally sound modern and renewable energy services with priority for locally produced and controlled energy services for rural and urban areas, aiming including with a view to double primary energy supply per capita for LDCs

Comment: Qualifiers need to explain what is included/excluded when words such as “clean”, “sustainable” or “modern” energy are used, as well as include participatory decision-making regarding what is “sustainable”, and for what the energy is to be used. While biomass can be renewable, its potential negative social and environmental impacts impede its sustainability; therefore, we suggest that it is highly important to delete “sustainable biomass”. Nuclear energy is also neither modern, clean, affordable nor sustainable.

Proposed goal 8. Ensure decent work for all Promote strong, and inclusive and sustainable economic growth development and

8.1 sustain increase per capita human development index and GDP in low income countries economic growth of at least x% per annum with x being set at a level appropriate to national circumstances, and decrease per capita income gap, as per 8.2.

Comment: Economic growth is neither a guarantee for poverty reduction nor a pre-requisite for decent work, and does not agree with the goal of sustainable consumption and production, target 8.2 is the most important and should become 8.1.
8.2 sustain income growth of the bottom 40% of the income distribution of each country of at least y (greater than x) % to reduce income inequalities by 2030

Comment: Retain

8.3 by 2030 implement right to work by achieving full and productive employment and decent work with a living wage for all women and men, including for young, elder people and persons with disabilities

Comment: decent work and living wage to be defined as equitable remuneration in global value (supply chains) and value-added retention in low income economies.

8.4 by 2020 halve the number of youth not in employment, education or training, bearing in mind gender equality and reducing obstacles derived from the burden of unpaid domestic and care work

8.4. bis. All countries legislate for and provide all workers with a minimum living wage sufficient to support a family to live with dignity, particularly workers in the informal sector, women workers, domestic workers, and migrant workers.

Comment: Orthodox economic policy assumes economic growth leads to increased employment and wages, but profit-driven growth has instead led to the phenomenon of jobless growth, reductions in real wages, and a decrease in wages as a percentage of GDP. According to the ILO, 17% of all workers in developing countries earn less than $1.25 a day (ITUC, Global Thematic Consultation on Addressing Inequalities: The Heart of the Post-2015 Development Agenda and the Future We Want for All, ‘A New Distribution of Income and Power’ (2012). Recognizing the right to a living wage is not only a legal and moral imperative; adopting a universal calculation for living wages would also prevent capital flight in search of the lowest standard of labor conditions. Living wages also stimulate domestic markets and increase much needed tax revenue. The right to a living wage is based on ILO Conventions 95 and 131, ILO Recommendations 131 and 135, and article 23 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

8.5 create a sound macroeconomic environment with strong redistributive fiscal and monetary policies that promote equitable and sustainable environmental and socially sound development, and mobilize resources to finance public services

Comment: fiscal and monetary policies which are strong in reducing income inequalities, not in creating more millionaires

8.5.bis Increase union membership density by x% by 2030.

Comment: In countries where data has been collated, there is an inverse correlation between union membership and income inequality (see, e.g., OECD ‘Inequality in labour income: What are its drivers and how can it be reduced?’ OECD, Economics Department Policy Notes, 2012).

8.6 create an enabling environment for transparent and accountable business with gender equality, with zero negative social and environmental impacts, with strong national economic institutions and policies that support socially and environmentally sound investment under the highest standards of financial and accountability practices and promote competition

8.7 create incentives for the development of sustainable environment and socially responsive tourism which takes into account community decision-making with gender equality and participation, local culture and local products.

8.8 create enabling conditions for increased growth and productivity of micro-, small-, and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) with gender equality, including through policies that promote local markets, sustainable production, entrepreneurship, creativity and innovation, and through improved equitable access to markets and financial services.

8.9 increase the share of high productivity transparency and accountability of productive sectors and activities in the economy that promote productive employment and decent work, and strengthen productive capacities through technological upgrading.

8.10 promote greater resource efficiency of economic activities, eliminating their negative social and environmental impacts, including through sustainable supply chains, according to national circumstances and capacities

8.11 support the development of locally-owned and governed quality, reliable, sustainable and resilient infrastructure for transport, energy, water and communications, in particular in developing countries with a focus on control, access, and decision-making with gender equality under the human rights framework by for the rural and urban poor

8.12 improve regional and trans-border infrastructure to promote effective, accountable and transparent, social and environmentally sound regional economic exchange, in full respect of diverse conditions of countries and peoples, eliminating extraterritorial practices with negative impacts for human rights and environment integration and facilitate trade

8.13 end child labor by 2030, protect the rights and ensure safe and secure working environments of all workers, under the highest standards of human rights, including migrant workers and those in precarious employment

8.13 bis protect the rights to decent work and a living wage of all workers, and ensure safe and secure working environments with gender equality, including for migrant workers, women, domestic workers and other informal sector workers, persons with disabilities and those in other forms of precarious employment

Comment: Domestic workers comprise a significant part of the global workforce in informal employment and are among the most vulnerable groups of workers. There are at least 53 million domestic workers worldwide, and domestic work is the largest source of waged employment for women in Asia. Domestic workers remain highly susceptible to violations of their rights to decent work and a living wage, contrary to the rights provided for in ILO Domestic Workers Convention (no. 189 (2011).

8.14 promote formalization of informal sector activities and employment with full access to social protection even in the stages of informal conditions of work (ref: ILO convention C177)

Comment: Ref: ILO Convention C177 on home work (work in the informal economy)

8.15 by 2030 lower the overall costs in migration processes, guarantee human rights of persons regardless of their geographical condition, regulate the conditions of migration to ensure compliance with all decent work provisions and minimize transaction costs of remittances

8.16 explore the possibility create of a global broader system of capital accounting looking beyond GDP and incorporation social, human and environmental capital, under the highest standards of human rights and gender equality, financial transparency and accountability mechanisms, including social and environmental safeguards

8.16 bis End policies and practices that promote the exploitation of migrant workers, including through the regulation of recruitment agencies and the elimination of debt bondage.

Comment: Governments have the primary responsibility to prevent exploitation in line with their international human rights commitments. Policies should be designed to both reduce exploitative practices and identify individuals or groups at risk of falling victim to exploitation. See, e.g., UN General Assembly Resolution 66/172, Protection of Migrants, A/RES/66/172, 29 March 2012, paragraph 8; and the ILO’s Private Employment Agencies Convention 1997 (No. 181) which sets out specific provisions to regulate private employment agencies.

Proposed goal 9. Promote sustainable industrialization production and service development and ensure retention of value added in low-income countries in all sectors

Comment: Manufacturing can be just as bad as commodity production and usually less productive than services sector. Whilst “industrialization” only refers to production, services are as important for creation of wellbeing. This goal is really only a Means of Implementation. PROPOSAL – DELETE and REPLACE goal 9 with goal 12 Sustainable Production & Consumption and targets under MOI

9.1 achieve structural transformation of economies towards social and environmental responsible production patterns, in all sectors and activities (Comment: move to goal 12)

9.2 respect national policy space and national circumstances for industrial development, particularly in developing countries, ensuring that no extraterritorial practices generate social and environmental negative impacts . (Comment: move to goal 12)

9.3 ensure a conducive policy environment for industrial accountable and transparent development under the human rights framework with gender equality, including encouragement of industrial entrepreneurship and enterprise formation with inclusion of micro- and SMEs. (Comment: move to goal 12)

9.3 bis by 2030, increase by x% the resource-efficiency, transparency and accountability of industry, reduce by y% harmful chemicals used and waste generated, and decrease by z% the intensity of carbon emissions from the industrial sector

Comment: Based on Target 9 e) from the Focus Area of OWG 11. It is important to maintain language calling for the reduction of harmful chemicals and waste.

9.4 significantly raise industry’s share of employment and GDP in line with national strategies under the human rights framework and gender equality, including doubling manufacturing’s share in LDCs by 2030 (Comment: move to goal 12)

9.5 increase accountable and transparent industrial diversification under the human rights framework in developing countries, including through enhanced domestic processing of raw materials and commodities and through new product development (Comment: move to goal 12)

9.6 support the integration of developing country industrial enterprises, including SME’s and cooperatives, particularly in Africa and LDCs, into regional and global value chains (Comment: move to goal 12)

9.7 create decent industrial sector jobs and promote transparent and accountable job-rich industrial socially and environmentally sound development with gender equality, ensuring retention of value added in low income countries and LDC’s, with decent wok and equitable pay in lower income quintiles (Comment: move to goal 12)

9.8 promote industrial production research, development and innovation for socially and environmentally sustainable solutions, ensuring high risk developments fulfil sustainability criteria, applying the no-data no market principle, including raising the ratio of R&D workers per one million people by x% and the share of R&D spending in GDP by y% (Comment: move to goal 12)

9.9 upgrade the technological capabilities, accountability and governance of industrial sectors in developing countries, including in middle income countries, and improve industrial resource efficiency by accelerating the development, transfer and adoption of socially and environmentally sound technologies and processes (Comment: move to goal 17)

9.10 promote and protect indigenous technology development under the human rights framework with gender equality and the growth of domestic innovation in developing countries (Comment: move to goal 17)

9.11 by 2030 retrofit x% of existing industries with clean technologies and socially and environmentally sound industrial processes to achieve y% energy and z% resource-efficiency improvement, with all countries taking action, developed countries taking the lead and developing countries following a similar pattern taking into account their development needs and capabilities, with full accordance to human rights framework and gender equality (Comment: move to goal 12)

9.12 ensure small-scale industrial producers have affordable access to credit and financial services with a gender equality approach (Comment: move to goal 17)

Proposed goal 10. Reduced inequality within and among countries
Reduce inequality among social groups within countries:

10.1 by 202030 eliminate all discriminatory laws, policies and practices

10.2 achieve and sustain income promote capital growth of the bottom 40% of the population that is higher than the national average through 2030

Comment: Wealth/capital inequalities are a more accurate indicator of inequitable development than income inequality alone. This goal should aim at redistribution of wealth, power and resources.

10.3 by 2030 reduce inequalities of opportunity and outcome among social groups, including economic, social, political and environmental inequalities, and reduce the proportion of people living above extreme wealth lines

Comment: Through regulating frameworks and redistributive policies, especially progressive tax systems and transferring military budgets to sustainable development budgets.

10.3 bis by 2030, all countries should have a national floor for social protection that includes income security, access to essential health care, and access to basic services.

10.3 ter Reduce the wealth gap between the bottom 40% and top 10% of the population by x%

Comment: The greatest contrast in the distribution of wealth in countries tends to be between the top 10% and bottom 40% (see, e.g., the research of economist Gabriel Palma). The Palma ratio is a useful indictor for this target

10.4 work towards reversing reverse private wealth accumulation and the decline of the share of labour income in GDP where relevant beyond or at least in line with productivity increases

Comment: Important to retain. Income inequality cannot be addressed without reversing the decline in the share of labour income in most countries. Co-chairs language is far too weak, instead reverse private wealth accumulation and increase the share of labour income in GDP beyond or at least in line with productivity increases.
10.4 bis Increase by x% the amount of land owned and accessed by local communities and Indigenous Peoples, including the amount of land available to men and women for small-scale agriculture.

Comment: Increasing secure gender-sensitive access to and ownership of land is critical to reducing wealth inequality. The world’s poorest people, e.g. 80% of the world’s food insecure, depend on access to land and other natural resources for their livelihoods. Ensuring that equitable access is protected is central to sustainable economic growth. (See UN FAO, ‘Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests 2012).

10.4 ter Eliminate indirect taxes and ensure income taxes progressive contributions that are scaled to income

10.5 Empower and promote ensure the social and economic inclusion as well as the participation of the poor, the marginalised and people in vulnerable situations, including indigenous peoples, women, minorities, migrants, persons with disabilities, older persons, children and youth, in decision-making and the design of legal and programmatic frameworks

Comment: Actions to increase the participation and voice of marginalized groups in policies and programs to close the gap in the enjoyment of human rights are essential, given that lack of participation in decision-making is a fundamental cause and consequence of inequality (see, e.g., OHCHR, Statement by 17 Special Procedures Mandate-Holders of the Human Rights Council on the Post-2015 Development Agenda (2013).

10.5 bis increase the percentage of domestic revenue derived from taxation on capital

Comment: The current level of concentration of wealth within countries necessitates redistributive measures, such as progressive income taxes

10.6 promote and respect cultural diversity with full respect for all human rights framework and gender equality while preserving traditional knowledge

Comment: Any reference to culture and tradition cannot undermine States obligation to protect, respect and fullfill all human rights and gender equality

10.6 bis legislate for and provide a living wage for all workers, particularly workers in the informal sector, women workers, domestic workers, and migrant workers.

Comment: According to the ILO, 17% of all workers in developing countries earn less than $1.25 a day. A living wage must be institutionalised in order to reduce inequality (ITUC, Global Thematic Consultation on Addressing Inequalities: The Heart of the Post-2015 Development Agenda and the Future We Want for All, ‘A New Distribution of Income and Power’ (2012) . The right to a living wage is based on ILO Conventions 95 and 131, ILO Recommendations 131 and 135, and article 23 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

10.7 ensure the availability of high-quality, timely and disaggregated data and research persons in all their diversity and of all ages to ensure monitoring of progress for marginalized groups and people in vulnerable situations

10.7 bis by 2030, universal Income is secured to all people.

Comment: There is mounting evidence that social protection systems contribute significantly to reducing the prevalence and severity of poverty, to curtailing inequalities, and to creating sustainable and equitable societies. Yet 75-80% of families today have no access to social protection. The obligation to provide universal social protection is reiterated in Rio+20 Outcome Document, The Future We Want (2012), para. 156 and ILO Recommendation 202: Recommendation concerning National Floors of Social Protection (2012), which recommends that Members establish social protection floors as a fundamental element of their national security systems.

10.7 ter Increase union membership density by x% by 2030.

Comment: In countries where data has been collated, there is an inverse correlation between union membership and income inequality (see, e.g., OECD ‘Inequality in labour income: What are its drivers and how can it be reduced?’ OECD, Economics Department Policy Notes, 2012)

International actions to reduce inequalities among nations

10.8 establish measures at global level to reduce inequality among countries

Comment: These require the regulation of international financial markets and capital movements, more equitable taxation of wage income and incomes from capital and financial assets, prevention of tax competition and a code of conduct for transnational corporations. Pursuit of such a goal calls for breaking the dominance of finance and corporate interest in the formulation of policies and operation of the global markets.

10.9 promote strong international institutions based in the realization of human rights, gender equality and sustainable development, including through the conclusion of reforms for increasing effective and democratic participation of developing countries in IFIs

10.9 bis secure by 2020 meaningful participation in substantive international processes, and every international intergovernmental process is under the Human Rights framework; also, the UN and its intergovernmental agencies as well as other international organisms and processes are accountable in accordance with the highest framework of practice

10.10 improve strengthen regulation of global financial markets and institutions and strengthen their implementation in a transparent and accountable manner and in compliance with international human rights, social, and environmental highest standards

Comment: See Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 9 July 2009, Outcome of the Conference on the World Financial and Economic Crisis and Its Impact on Development (RES/63/603)

10.11 facilitate greater international mobility of labour while mitigating brain drain and ensure the protection of the human rights of all migrant workers, including the elimination of any discrimination in labour, guaranteeing access to social protection and social services

Comment: See Rio+20 Outcome Document, The Future We Want (2012), para. 157; Commission on Population and Development, Resolution 2013/1 on New Trends in Migration: Demographic Aspects, paras. 4, 12, and 26 (UN Doc. E/2013/25). See, also, Montevideo Consensus on Population and Development (2013), Part F.

10.11 bis by 2030, eliminate tax evasion and elusion of the highest quintiles, as well as fiscal paradises, illicit financial flows and transfer pricing, and by 2020 financial flows from private sector are accountable in fiscal schemes in every country at national and local level

10.11 ter introduce a global corporate tax floor

Comment: Corruption and tax evasion deprive developing countries of billions of dollars of income each year. A large part of this problem is a global ‘race to the bottom’ in corporate income taxes. A commitment to address this was made in the Doha Declaration on Financing for Development, which states: “We will step up efforts to enhance tax revenues through modernized tax systems, more efficient tax collection, broadening the tax base and effectively combating tax evasion. We will undertake these efforts with an overarching view to make tax systems more pro-poor” (para. 16).

10.12 assist developing countries in attaining long-term debt sustainability through coordinated policies aimed at fostering debt financing, debt relief, and debt restructuring.

Comment: Retain.

10.12 bis by 2020 all nations have considered to sign and ratify every human rights conventions, especially considering removing reserves under “cultural and values” notions against human rights recognition, and their contents are harmonized to national and local laws by 2030

Proposed goal 11. Build inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable cities and human settlements

11.1 by 2030, ensure universal access with gender equality to adequate, equitable and affordable land, housing and basic services for all, and eliminate slum-like conditions everywhere by improving living conditions of slum dwellers

11.2 by 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable low-carbon transport for all with gender perspective in urban, peri-urban and rural areas, expand public transport and improve mobility and road safety

11.2. bis: Increase and ensure transparent and accountable investment and public financing for low-carbon urban development and sustainable urban infrastructure

11.2 ter: Increase and ensure transparent and accountable investment and public financing in access to safe, harassment-free and affordable multi-modal transport that facilitates mobility and inclusion, and shift to public transport/mass transit and safe cycling and pedestrian facilities.

Comment: Based on Target 10 e) from the Focus Area of OWG 11.

11.3 by 2020 enhance capacities for integrated and sustainable human settlement planning and management for all that is gender responsive and age-friendly at national and local level, with sustainable, inclusive, participatory, sectorally and vertically integrated, urban and land planning and budgeting, particularly developing countries

Comment: Enhancing capacities is important, but target on this also needs a year in which the planning is improved, e.g. (alternative is to have enhanced capacity for developing countries as 1 target, and then the planning/budgeting as 2nd target).

11.4 strengthen positive economic and social links between cities and peri-urban and rural areas

11.5 by 2030, reduce the ecological footprint and environmental impacts of cities and improve the quality of environment in cities all human settlements

Comment: Indicators could address inter alia water and air pollution; waste management; zoning; industry incentives/disincentives; sprawl.

11.5 bis Implement social and environmental safeguards, especially related to urban infrastructure development and industrialization, with a strict regulatory and accountability framework for private-public partnerships

11.5 ter Decentralize decision-making related to urban development and resources

11.6 by 2020, increase by x% the number of human settlements adopting and implementing participatory policies and plans under the human rights framework with gender perspective towards resilience and adaptation to climate change and natural disasters

11.7 enhance social cohesion and personal security under the human rights framework with gender equality, and ensure universal access to inclusive, green and safe public spaces

Comment: Probably better if the 2 parts of the target were flipped around, because then it would better reflect some sense of cause and effect, yet both could still be targets with some kind of indicators. Green space is important to link with climate change, health and safety/GBV linkages.

11.8 by 2030 ensure that all cities are accessible and offer opportunities to older persons and persons with disabilities

11.9 protect and safeguard under the human rights framework the world’s cultural and natural heritage in inclusive societies that respect and promote diversity

Comment: based on Key messages: a) This goal has many links to other goal areas, but a specific focus on local actors, subnational governance and communities is important to engage and catalyze sustainable development. b) Sustainable transport can have co-benefits of improved health and decreased contribution to climate change, as well as support gender equality by improving mobility (could have indicators to measure these). c) Be mindful of limited to “cities”, because all settlements need to reduce impact and improve environment and address gender-responsive participatory planning, justice, and financing. d) Links to provision to equal access to independent and responsive justice systems, including related to property and tenure rights, people's territorial rights, employment, business, taxation, trade and finance. e) Link to the elimination of gender-based violence and all types of discrimination in any type of human settlement. f) Link to the development and implementation of public accountability mechanisms that mandate and monitor the active participation of local community groups, and the poorest residents and settlements. g) Important to ensure collaboration of multiple stakeholders with organized groups of women living in poor communities to redistribute opportunities, resources and roles with a view to redressing power imbalances that are at the heart of poverty and inequality.

Proposed goal 12. Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns

Comment: Subsume goal 9 partly under this more progressive objective, rest under MOI

12.1 Time-bound effective implementation of the 10-Year Framework of Programmes on sustainable consumption and production (10YFP)

12.1 bis by 2020 ensure the implementation of plans for sustainable production and consumption at national and local levels within the carrying capacity of ecosystems

12.2 by 2030 achieve sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources to enhance human welfare with gender equality within the carrying capacity of ecosystems

12.3 significantly improve the resource efficiency of economic activities and decouple economic growth from environmental degradation, including extraterritorial practices, with damage repair under the principle of polluter pays, with all countries taking action, developed countries taking the lead, and developing countries following a similar pattern taking into account their development needs and capabilities

12.4 promote ensure sound management of chemicals and hazardous waste and of their differentiated impacts in women and men by 2020 and beyond in accordance with agreed international frameworks and by 2030 significantly reduce substitute the releases of all hazardous chemicals and hazardous wastes to the environment air, water and soil with safer alternatives

12.4 bis, instead of 2nd part of 12.4: Ensure, by 2020 and beyond, that hazardous chemicals are substituted by safer alternatives thereby eliminating hazardous waste and paving the way for a new comprehensive chemicals regime

Comment: Women’s health is differently impacted than men’s from harmful chemicals. For example, exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) such as Bisphenol-A and certain Phthalates in daily consumer products and food is increasingly linked to diseases such as breast-cancer and other hormone sensitive diseases, of which a great increase is observed, particularly also in developing countries. These EDCs and other hazardous chemicals are currently not regulated and from the 100,000 chemicals in use, those identified as “substances of very high concern” should be substituted with safer alternatives, as some countries have already regulated.

12.5 by 2030 reduce by x% per capita waste and emissions through prevention, reuse, reduction, and recycling and ensure that, by 2020, chemicals are produced and used in ways that minimize significant adverse effects on environment and human health

12.6 by 2030 at least halve per capita food waste at production, retail and consumer level, particularly in developed countries and countries with high per capita food waste

Comment: Industrial agriculture has a very high percent of food production waste

12.7 by 2030 redouble efforts to create a culture of sustainable lifestyles, including through education, awareness raising, sustainability information on products and services, policies, and incentives and sanctions

12.8 by 2020 create economic incentives and scientific and technological capacities that enable and promote social and ecological sustainable production and consumption, social welfare and a circular economy

12.9 by 2030 increase by x% the number of companies, especially publicly listed and large companies, reporting on results and impacts of corporate social and environmental responsibility under rigorous safeguards, including integrated reporting

12.10 by 2030, increase the share of private sector actors, including the financial sector, incorporating sustainable development principles and transparency and accountability of their social and environmental impacts in their business practices, including sustainable supply chains, ensuring decent work conditions and with due regard to the circumstances and capacity needs of micro- and SMEs

12.11 by 2030 increase at least by double the share of sustainable products and services in public procurement, including through competitive and transparent procurement processes

12.11 bis create incentives for sustainable tourism and guarantee the reduction of social and environmental negative impacts associated with travel and tourism

12.12 by 2030, consolidate a UN agency / institution responsible for monitoring corporate/private sector activities on their social and environmental responsibility.


Comment: Based on the Target 11 h) from the Focus Area of OWG 11.

Proposed goal 13. Promote actions at all levels to Enact strongest climate change protection measures at all levels/ Build a climate change goal based on the outcome of COP21 of the UNFCCC

Comment: The climate change SDG should overall take into account, the UNFCCC negotiations towards an agreement to be reached at COP21, guided by the ultimate objective of the Convention. However, it cannot be built based on the outcome, which comes after the post-2015 Summit. A strong climate change goal in the SDGs, including a dynamic application of the principle of CBDR&RC, can be conducive to driving international action on climate change at the high ambition required.

13.1 hold the increase in global average temperature below a x 1.5°C rise and ensure that real reductions of GHG are made at source, by sustainable production and consumption, not through financial markets. in accordance with international agreements by aiming for greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) to peak before 2020 then rapidly decline to achieve net zero carbon emissions near mid-century

Comment: In an effort to limit edits to the focus area, we have added a peaking year, rather than a new, separate target. It is important that any action to decrease emissions is undertaken via gender-responsive, socially just and environmentally sound national actions that take into account equity between countries, generations and genders.

13.2 build resilience and adaptive capacity under the human rights framework at all levels, including through redistribution of the burden of unpaid and domestic care work, to climate induced hazards, climate-related disasters and slow-onset climate events, especially for indigenous peoples, local communities and the most marginalized peoples in all vulnerable countries

Comment: Important to ensure this is done from community to national level within a human rights framework and with a gender perspective, so as not to increase the burden of unpaid and domestic care work on women and to promote redistribution of that work. All countries need this resilience and adaptive capacity, not only vulnerable countries. Climate-induced hazards alone are limited, so indicators under this target will need to refer to specific climate impacts, such as slow onset events (drought, sea level rise, etc).

13.3 by 2020xx Develop and implement gender-responsive, socially just and environmentally sound national actions for climate change adaptation and mitigation, including in integrate climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies into development plans and poverty reduction strategies

Comment: Efforts should go beyond integrating into other plans, as well as ensure the full and effective participation of Indigenous Peoples and women of all ages, and address already incurred loss and damage. This requires national allocation and innovative means of implementation, including financing that is transparent and accountable on its social, economic and environmental impacts, and in line with human rights, gender equality and environmental agreed safeguards. Actions will need a process monitor and evaluate them.

13.4 by 2020xx introduce operationalize instruments and incentives for to rapidly reduce investment in fossil fuels, and to increase public financing, transfer of and domestic support for socially and ecologically sound technologies and investments in low-carbon solutions in all relevant sectors

Comment: Important to include public finance so that the focus is not on corporate investment and public-private partnerships.

13.4 bis Review and modify intellectual property rights and national, regional and international trade agreements to allow the full development and utilization of safe, appropriate, ecologically and socially sound technologies to support a transition from a carbon intensive society to low-carbon pathways.

13.5 improve education, awareness raising and human and institutional capacity on climate change impact reduction and early warning through ecosystem- and rights-based programs that respect the needs and integrate the traditional knowledge, innovations and practices of local communities, especially women and Indigenous Peoples

13.5 bis ensure full actualization and disbursement of adequate, appropriate and new climate finance ensuring gender-sensitive social and environmental safeguards

13. 5 ter economic activities incompatible with planetary boundaries are urgently phased out and there is adequate redress of damage based on polluter pays principle

13.5 quat Strengthen mechanisms and provide adequate resources to ensure women’s full and equal participation in climate change decision-making, planning and implementation at all levels

13.5 quint by 2020 ensure meaningful multi-stakeholder participation and decriminalize environmental and human rights defenders

13.6 Ensure as off 2015 that climate technologies that can disrupt Earth cycles, such as geo-engineering, are not allowed to be tested in open field or deployed.

Comment: Climate change is an urgent crisis that affects every country and every person. It is an existential challenge for numerous communities already, especially for the women and girls in those communities. Climate change actions and strategies need to be undertaken at all levels, from community to national to regional. Climate change impacts are wide-ranging, including climate induced hazards, climate-related disasters and slow-onset climate events. Loss and damage have already occurred and must be addressed in addition to adaptation and mitigation. Ensure the full and effective participation of Indigenous Peoples and women of all ages in developing, implementing, monitoring and evaluating strategies and actions for mitigation, adaptation, loss and damage, resilience and disaster response. Use a human rights framework and a gender perspective (from policies to projects), so as not to increase the burden of unpaid and domestic care work on women and to promote its redistribution. Successful policies and strategies must include women’s access to and control over land and other productive resources and post climate disaster rehabilitation should secure their control of these resource and not displace them . Incentives for low-carbon solutions must not be synonymous with a mechanism for corporations to profit from Intellectual Property Rights and capital control over green technologies. Review and modify intellectual property rights and national, regional and international trade agreements to allow the full development and utilization of safe, appropriate, ecologically and socially sound technologies that support a transition from a carbon intensive society. Ensure policy coherence between government policies and commitments to gender equality, sexual and reproductive health and rights and climate change plans and budgets. Ecosystem- and rights-based programs should respect the needs and integrate traditional knowledge, innovations and practices of communities, especially of women and Indigenous Peoples’ and local communities. Address violence against women and girls as part of disaster risk reduction. Assess and monitor stress-related and mental health needs, build community capacity, provide resources for interventions, and develop education, training and treatment policy and programs to increase psychosocial preparedness and recovery in community and institutional settings, integrated into the ISDRR system

Proposed goal 14. Attain conservation and sustainable use of marine resources, oceans and seas

14.1 by 202030, reduce by x% marine pollution of all kinds, including from land-based activities

14.2 by 2020, sustainably manage, restore and protect marine ecosystems from destruction, and address urgent and slow-onset effects of climate change, including by strengthening ocean resilience and the wellbeing and rights of the peoples whose lives are associated with their preservation, protecting ocean biodiversity and support relevant scientific interdisciplinary research
14.3 As of 2015 address and prevent further ocean acidification

14.3 bis: As of 2015, impose a precautionary moratorium on experimental technology including deep-sea mining, to ensure no irreversible harm to oceans including increased ocean acidification and biodiversity loss

14.4 By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end IUU and overfishing, to restore by 2030 fish stocks to ecologically safe levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield

14.5 As off 2015 support sustainable small-scale fisheries and aquaculture with gender equality under the human rights framework, including by providing equitable access of small-scale and artisanal fishers to fisheries and markets and substantive inclusion of women into national, regional and global fisheries decision-making bodies;


14.6 As of 2015 to support the full implementation of existing regional and international regimes for managing oceans and seas by their state parties

14.7 As of 2015 by 2020, eliminate illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing and destructive fishing practices

14.8 By 2020, conserve at least 2010% of coastal and marine areas, including through establishing effectively managed marine protected areas, consistent with international law and based on best available interdisciplinary scientific information

14.9 By 2020, eliminate subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, while taking into account the special and unique needs of developing countries, notably least developed countries and SIDS

14.10 By 202030, increase the economic returns to SIDS and LDCs from the sustainable development of coastal and marine resources from within their jurisdictions

14.11 As of 2015 implement integrated and participatory coastal management under the human rights framework with gender equality to increase resilience of coastal ecosystems

Proposed goal 15. Protect and restore terrestrial ecosystems and halt all biodiversity loss

15.1 by 2020 halt the loss of all biodiversity, including habitats and forests, and protect and prevent the extinction of threatened species

15.2 by 2020 ensure conservation and sustainable use of ecosystems, with particular attention to forests and wetlands, including through and promote restoration and natural regeneration of at least 15 per cent of degraded ecosystems, including by providing incentives for developing countries, avoiding however monitarization of ecosystems.

Comment: providing one-sided financial incentives could lead to for example harmful monoculture tree plantations as seen with REDD+, among others

15.3 maintain genetic diversity of both cultivated plants, farmed and domesticated animals and their wild relatives including through effective cooperation of national institutions

15.4 by 2030, ensure the implementation of sustainable management and use of all types of forests and of mountain ecosystems

Comment: “Sustainable management” is a tricky concept because this is what some foresters will argue with when introducing e.g. harmful monoculture tree plantations, thus “use” is better

15.5 by 2030 reverse the loss of and enhance forest cover worldwide, increase reforestation by x%, including by providing adequate incentives for developing countries

Comment: the argument of forest cover is again favoring industrial tree plantations, and incentives for reforestation such as REDD+ have had negative effects on local forest communities and biodiversity, and more forests being cut, therefore delete

15.6 by 2030, halt and prevent land degradation, reclaim land affected by industry, desertification and drought, and improve land productivity and soil quality while reducing land grabbing

15.6 bis by 2020, halting land degradation and land grabbing including through the recognition of indigenous and community conserved territories and areas (ICCAs) and other community-driven land conservation restoration initiatives with full respect of the human rights framework and gender equality

15.7 ensure fair and equitable sharing of benefits, including gender equality, arising from the sustainable utilization of genetic resources that are proven to have no social or environmental negative impact

15.8 end poaching and trafficking of all wildlife and plant species, especially endangered species, and end demand and supply of illegal wildlife products while fully respecting the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples

15.9 introduce measures to prevent the introduction and significantly reduce the impact of invasive alien species on land and water ecosystems, and by 2020 control or eliminate the priority all invasive species

15.10 ensure free prior informed consent of indigenous peoples and local communities with a gender perspective in decision-making and natural resources management, and promote the use of their traditional knowledge, including women’s traditional knowledge.

15. 10 bis Recognize and fully document territorial rights and customary conservation practices of Indigenous Peoples, women and local communities

15.12 integrate natural resources and biodiversity values, including cultural values that are in accordance with the human rights framework and gender equality, into national and local planning, development processes, and accounts


Proposed goal 16. Achieve peaceful and inclusive societies, rule of law, effective responsive and capable institutions.

Fostering peaceful and inclusive societies:

16.1 by 2030 reduce levels of violence and related death rate by x% and increase perceptions of women and men in all human conditions throughout the life-cycle of personal security in and out of the home

16.2 by 2030 end abuse, exploitation and violence against women and children, including during conflict and other humanitarian crisis situations, and guarantee their access to justice

16.3 by 2030 reduce illicit financial flows by x% and reduce money laundering and all forms of organized crime including human trafficking and illicit trade in arms, drugs and wildlife

16.3bis: by 2030, reduce military spending by x% and allocate it to sustainable development.

16.4 by 2030 increase secure inclusive, participatory and representative decision-making for all at all levels, in legal, policy and budgetary decisions, and bearing in mind the differentiated needs of women and men, including in peace processes, taking into consideration the interests of present and future generations

16.5 by 2020 build necessary capacities of sub-national and local governments for fostering peaceful and inclusive societies

16.6 forge unity in diversity through democratic and human rights practices and mechanisms for all at the local, national and international levels

16.7 by 2020 provide information and education on a culture of non-violence

16.8 strengthen mechanisms for formal and non-formal dispute resolution at all levels

16.9 reduce the number of internally displaced persons and refugees guaranteeing their human rights, and strengthen multi-sectoral services and gender and human rights training for humanitarian and security sector personnel

16.10 enhance the capacity, professionalism and accountability of the security forces, police and judiciary

16.10bis: Ensure by 2030 parity in participation of women in decision making on conflict resolution at all levels

Rule of law, effective and capable institutions and just governance:

16.11 develop effective, accountable and transparent public institutions at all levels

16.12 by 2030 provide universal and equal access and for all to independent, effective, and responsive justice systems that respect the human rights of all persons and due-process rights, and equal access to legal aid.

16.12 bis: by 2020 every country has a national legal framework that is in line with international human rights norms and standards

16.12. ter: Ensure by 2020 increased openness of state and business budgets and transaction to public scrutiny including the natural resource and extractives sector

16.13 by 2020 provide public services for all, including legal identity for all, including birth registrations

16.14 by 2020 improve ensure public access of disaggregated information and government data, including on public finance management, public procurement and on the implementation of national development plans and their related social and environmental impacts

Comment: Retain

16.15 by 2030 ensure that all laws are publicized and accessible by all

Comment: Retain

16.16 by 2030 establish and implement effective regimes to decrease and provide accountability for corruption and bribery in all its forms and at all levels and establish oversight mechanisms to monitor national and sub-national level progress towards eliminating corruption

Comment: Retain. Proposed addition is based on UN Convention Against Corruption

16.17 ensure by 2020 promote freedom of information, media, association and speech including by removing all legal and policy barriers, and secure meaningful political participation and protection of human rights and environmental defenders

Proposed goal 17. Strengthen and enhance Ensure the means of implementation and global partnership for sustainable development

Proposal Overall Goal 17 for MOI for implementation of SDGs post2015

17.A. Finance: Promote a stable, multilateral and equitable financial system, by establishing fully representative and participatory international institutions to regulate systemically important international banks and rating agencies, markets for commodity derivatives and international capital flows.
17.B. Trade: Ensure international trade at multilateral, bilateral and other levels work to the benefit of developing countries and to help meet their development objectives by ensuring policy space and that it creates opportunities for all, and in particular does not harm any, especially marginalised constituencies including women, small farmers, producers and businesses, youth, indigenous peoples, the elderly and others.
17.C Debt: ensure debt sustainability, debt restructuring and debt relief. Ensure that debt sustainability analyses by international financial institutions and their policy recommendations are consistent with the attainment of multilaterally agreed SDGs
17.D. ODA: Developed countries recommit to allocating at least 0,7% of GDP to poverty eradication and implementation of the SDGs post2015 agenda
17.E: Technology: Ensure equitable access of developing countries to environmentally sound, socially beneficial and economically productive technologies for meeting development objectives which may require lifting intellectual property barriers globally.
17.F: Corporate Sector: Ensure that Global Agreements do not allow infringement by corporate actors on human rights and on national policy space that blocks rights-based, development oriented social, economic and environmental policies and that there are multi-lateral mechanisms that can subject investors and transnational corporations to legally binding norms and standards.


Proposed MOI for goal 1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere and full implementation of all human rights for all

17.1 develop and implement effective and targeted capacity building programmes under the human rights framework and gender equality in developing countries in support of national plans for implementing sustainable development goals

17.2 realize timely implementation of duty-free quota-free fair market access addressing current inequality of trade regimes for low-income countries, promoting decent work and higher value added, and allowing low-income countries to protect their markets to develop domestic competitive sectors , R&D and patent ownership, on a lasting basis for all least developed countries in accordance with WTO decisions and the Istanbul Programme of Action.

Comment: too weak: international trade rules and patterns are skewed against low-income countries and lowest income quintiles. There is a need for 1) principles of decent work to be mainstreamed into global value chains to overcome the race to the bottom; 2) provisions for higher retention of value added in low income countries 3) some policy space for market protection in low income countries to build competitive sectors and build R&D capacity and patent ownership; in other words: some asymmetry in the interest of low income countries and groups needed. Link to 17.5, 17.7

17.3 developed countries implement fully ODA commitments to provide 0.7% of GNI in ODA to developing countries of which 0.15-0.20% to least-developed countries on an agreed timeline based on internationally agreed principles, with procedures in line with the human rights framework, gender equality and sustainability criteria

17.4 direct and reconfigure ODA based on the human rights framework and principles of respect, solidarity, equity, gender equality, inclusion, non-subordination and justice, and encourage financial flows to states where the need is greatest, in particular African countries, LDCs, SIDS, LLDCs, and vulnerable states

17.5 ensure that adequate policy space and decision-making is given to developing countries by the international organizations to enable developing countries to establish and implement their policies for poverty eradication and sustainable development

17.5 bis ensure that development, fiscal and macroeconomic policies - particularly those related to aid, financial regulation and trade - are aligned to national development plans, internationally agreed development goals, the human rights framework, gender equality and the highest environmental and financial standards and obligations.

17.5 ter ensure that there is enough policy space at the national level for States to determine national priorities and agendas grounded in international human rights framework and environmental sustainability, recognizing the right to development and diversity.

17.6 support broad-based multi-stakeholder partnerships, including with civil society, the private sector, and multiple levels of government, that mobilize knowledge, expertise, technologies and financial resources to support achievement of sustainable development goals, particularly in developing countries

Proposed MOI goal 2. End hunger, achieve food sovereignty security and the right to adequate nutrition for all, and promote sustainable agriculture with agro-ecological practices on local and regional food security

17.7 reduce distortions in ensure fair international trade, including phasing out all forms of addressing agricultural export subsidies in industrialized countries, and supporting pro-poor price subsidies in low and middle income countries as soon as possible in line with the objective set out by the WTO Ministers in the 2005 Hong Kong Ministerial Declaration

17.7 alternative: eliminate export subsidies for agricultural products and restrictions over transfer of technology in advanced economies

Comment: this undermines the interests of low income countries. Not all subsidies are detrimental, there can be pro-poor ones –see food distribution /price subsidies in South Asia; or seed subsidies for low income farmers

17.8 improve regulation with strengthened implementation of financial institutions and financial markets, including food commodity markets, to ensure global financial stability and to help dampen food price volatility

Comment, too weak, need to regulate financials flows, move to 17.1. re goal 1

17.9 increase investment in rural infrastructure, agricultural research, technology development, institutions and capacity building in developing countries to enhance agricultural productive and sustainable capacity in line with the human rights framework and gender equality, particularly in countries that are net food importers

17.9 bis trade rules and negotiations recognize the prime importance of food security in developing countries to promote livelihoods and incomes of small farmers in developing countries


Proposed MOI goal 3. Attain healthy life for all at all ages

17.10 strengthen implementation of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in all countries who have ratified the Convention and urge countries that have not ratified it to ratify and implement it

17.11 support research and development of new forms of male and female contraceptives, as well as vaccines and medicines for the communicable diseases that primarily affect developing countries

17.12 in cooperation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access to affordable essential medicines in developing countries, and support developing countries’ use of TRIPS flexibilities

17.13 increase by 2030 the recruitment, development and training and retention of the health workforce by x% and teachers by y% in developing countries, especially in LDCs

17.14 increase the capacity for early warning, risk reduction, and management of national and global health risks with a gender perspective, governance criteria and in line with the human rights framework

17.15 Promote new, needs-driven and open research and development models for antibiotics based on the principle of de-linkage; phase out the use of antimicrobials for routine disease prevention in livestock and end their use for growth promotion; and build robust systems, in all countries, to monitor and report antibiotic use and resistance trends in humans and animals


Proposed MOI goal 4. Provide equitable and inclusive quality education and life-long learning opportunities for all

17.15 by 2020 expand by x% globally the number of scholarships for students from developing countries to enrol in higher education programmes in developed countries and other developing countries, with a particular focus on science, engineering, health, economics, finance, management and sustainable development

17.15 bis by 2030, all countries allocate at least 6% of their Gross Domestic Product (GDP) or at least 15-20% of their public expenditure to education through all life cycle, prioritizing groups most in need with a focus on women and girls; and strengthen financial cooperation for education, prioritizing countries most in need.

Proposed MOI goal 5. Achieve Attain gender equality, the full realization of women and girls human rights and empower ment of all women and girls everywhere

17.16 by 2030, achieve universal access to ICT for all women and men, including as a means of promoting women’s empowerment

Comment: is nice, but it is not the greatest MOI priority for goal 5, please move downward

17.17 secure and increase financial public resources and services across all sectors to implement differentiated measures to achieve gender equality, empowerment of women, and the realization and enjoyment of women’s and girls’ human rights in every human condition and throughout the life cycle, including by reallocating military spending and other innovative financing mechanisms

17.17 bis by 20xx have established financial and fiscal incentives for burden sharing in the unpaid care economy and for fair remuneration in the paid care economy
17.17 ter As of 2015 latest, build capacity and allocate sufficiently resources to at all levels to effectively address gender differentials and ensure gender equality in laws, policies, programs, institutions, financing

Comment: Gender mainstreaming is a means of implementation of sustainable development. The elaboration of the exact targets needs more work, the proposed targets 17.17. quat to sext are preliminary

17.17 quat: donors from all funding sectors, private or public, establish clear, measurable, and time-bound gender equality and women’s human rights objectives, with transparent, social and environmental accountable mechanisms for resources allocation, disbursement and execution, providing dissagregated data on the social, economic, cultural, and political transformation results and impacts of their financial support

17.17 quint: ensure sustained, collective action by feminists and women’s rights activists and organizations to guarantee the promotion of their strategies and secure the strengthening of local and grassroots women’s groups, making sure that their concerns are at the forefront in guiding and shaping funding strategies

17.17 sext: ensure that women and feminist groups are formally part of stakeholder forums; in particular, formally include women and feminist groups in the Finance Committee on Sustainable Development Goals and the High Level Political Forum

Proposed MOI goal 6. Ensure the right to water and sanitation for all for a sustainable world

17.18 by 2030, expand international cooperation and support in publically financed and publically operated water and sanitation systems related technologies, as well as social and environmentally sound including water harvesting technologies and wastewater treatment, recycling and reuse technologies

17.18 bis ensure public accountable and transparent financing for universal access to public water and sanitation services

17.18 ter protect water and sanitation universal public services from loan conditionalities, trade agreements and investment treaties

17.18 quat guarantee indigenous and community rights in the protection of watersheds

17.18 quint enable international and regional cooperation in matter of knowledge and technology transfer through public-public partnerships

Proposed MOI goal 7. Ensure access to affordable, sustainable, and reliable modern energy services for all

17.19 enhance international cooperation to facilitate developing countries’ access, governance and ownership with gender equality and line to the human rights framework to socially and ecologically sustainable clean energy technologies, including through appropriate regulated, accountable and transparent partnerships

17.20 encourage regulate towards transparent socially and environmentally sound public and private sector investment, in particular public-private partnerships, in energy infrastructure and cleaner energy technologies, prioritizing public ownership, management and governance

Comment: Experience with PPP’s in infrastructure and energy have had very negative social and environmental and even economic impacts (corruption, outflow of income), and there is an increasing number of evidence of failure. PPPs, particularly in energy and infrastructure has been a regular socialization of costs and privatization of profits.

Proposed MOI Proposed goal 8. Ensure decent work for all Promote strong,and inclusive and sustainable economic growth development
17.21 enhance global macroeconomic policy coordination, transparency and accountability and increase policy coherence in support of socially and environmentally sound sustainable development, eliminating and sanctioning negative impacts by extraterritorial practices

17.22 promote an open, rules-based, non-discriminatory and equitable multilateral trading system which strengthens value added retention of low-income countries and building up local capacities and R&D (see 17.1), including complying with the mandate for agriculture, services and non-agricultural products of the World Trade Organisation Doha Round and implementing the outcomes of the World Trade Organisation Bali Declaration, in line with the highest standards of good social and environmental standards and practices

17.23 ensure a speedy conclusion of an ambitious, balanced, comprehensive, under the human rights framework and with gender equality, and socially and environmentally sound development-oriented outcome of the Doha Development Agenda of multilateral trade negotiations

17.24 improve market access for agricultural, fisheries and industrial exports of developing countries in particular African countries, Least Developed Countries, LLDCs and SIDS with a view to increasing their share of exports added value retention whilst operating in global markets in accordance with the highest standards of human rights and gender equality

Comment: exports per se don’t mean anything, the crux is added value retention

17.25 increase trade-related capacity-building assistance to developing countries with social and environmental safeguards, including support for building their capacity to meet product regulations and standards, and enhance Aid for Trade initiatives including through the ‘Enhanced Integrated Framework’

17.26 promote regional and international socially and environmentally accountable and transparent collaboration on and access to science, technology, innovation, research, technology assessment and knowledge sharing, including through North-South, South-South and triangular cooperation

17.27 Mobilize additional international financial resources for development from multiple sources, including through reducing and reallocating military spending and other innovative financing mechanisms

17.28 Strengthen domestic resource mobilization of developing countries, providing international support to improving progressive tax collection, tax and natural resource revenue transparency and accountability, regional harmonization of fiscal and monetary policy to avoid undercutting between neighbor countries and international resource mobilization through global taxation schemes (FTT etc.).


17.29 facilitate public investments in developing countries in public and community infrastructure such as roads, railways, ports, water supply and treatment, and ICT

17.30 by 2030 countries progressively introduce broader measures of progress beyond GDP into national accounting taking into account the wellbeing of persons in all the human conditions throughout the life-cycle, the preservation of environment within planetary boundaries and social and ecologically sustainable processes of production and consumption, with supportive disaggregated qualitative and quantitative statistical capacity building in developing countries

17.30 bis development strategies based on human rights, environmental sustainability, solidarity and collective wellbeing derive from meaningful participation of stakeholders, including grassroots by women, indigenous peoples, youth and older persons, and other groups

Proposed MOI goal 9. Promote sustainable industrialization production and service development and ensure retention of value added in low-income countries in all sectors


17.31 promote fair and equal access to the whole technological cycle, as well as access, transfer and dissemination of socially appropriate and environmentally sound technologies to developing countries with a gender perspective and under the human rights framework, including through the possible implementation of a UN global technology facilitation mechanism, and encourage the full use of TRIPs flexibilities, and the lifting of intellectual property barriers

17.31 bis promote a multilateral, participatory Technology assessment mechanism to offer, particularly to developing countries, a rigorous evaluation of the potential social, economic, ecological and health risks and benefits of a specific technology

Comment: This function may well be undertaken by the technology facilitation mechanism referred to in 17.31.

17.32 fully operationalize the Technology Bank and STI Capacity Building Mechanism for LDCs by 2017, under the highest standards of human rights, transparency and accountability procedures, promoting direct access to multiple stake-holders, such as communities and women organizations, with social and environmental safeguards to prevent and sanction negative impacts

17.33 build science, technology and innovation capacity in developing countries, including to undertake technology qualitative and quantitative participatory and with gender perspective assessment and research, development and adaptation of clean, social and environmentally sound technologies

17. 33 bis promote indigenous technology development and enhance domestic innovation in developing countries, with particular emphasis on women´s participation in the whole cycle of technological development and assessment.

17.33 ter implement measures to promote, facilitate and finance access to and the development, transfer and diffusion of social and environmentally sound technologies and corresponding know-how to developing countries, on favorable terms, including on concessional and preferential terms
.
17.33 quat develop a global action plan and fund for the clearing up of chemical pollution hot-spots and support for sound chemical management measures

Proposed MOI goal 10. Reduce inequality within and among countries

17.34 by 2030 reduce to 5% or below the transaction costs of migrants’ remittances, including regulatory and administrative costs and bring incomes earned by migrants at least to minimum wage level, applying decent work principles (ILO).

17.35 enhance global cooperation to facilitate orderly, safe, responsible migration and mobility of people, guaranteeing their human rights, including through implementation of planned and managed migration policies that facilitate migrants’ contribution to sustainable development

17.36 by 2020, substantially strengthen capacities for data collection and statistical analysis relevant to sustainable development with a focus on generating timely and high-quality data disaggregated, as appropriate, by income, gender, age, race, ethnicity, and rural/urban location

17.36 bis review multilateral rules and agreements as well as trade and investment bilateral agreements to improve the policy space in developing countries to insert them in the multilateral arena

17.36 ter prevent any unilateral economic, financial or trade measures not in accordance with international law and the Human Rights framework that impede the full achievement of economic, social and sustainable development, particularly in developing countries

17.36 quat ensure developing countries make use of TRIPS flexibilities, and free agreements and other agreements do not include TRIPS-plus provisions that limit access to medicines, knowledge and other technologies

17.36 quint encourage new sources of financing including long-term private foreign investment and inclusive finance; South-South cooperation and public-private partnership in alignment with human rights’ standards

17.36 sext regulate capital flows to prevent destabilizing and volatile cross-border flows of short-term capital, including by encouraging reserve-issuing countries to impose controls over destabilizing capital outflows to developing countries

17.36 sept reform the exchange rate and international reserve system to reduce systemic instability, improve the international governance of finance and support development

17.36 oct promote a stable, rules-based, equitable and international financial system, with equitable decision-making, particularly within international financial institutions, and inclusive participation for all countries, developed and developing

17.36 non: control and regulate speculation in the commodities markets, including trough ensuring favorable terms for commodity-dependent developing countries in contracts with TNCs

17.36 dec regulate systemically important financial institutions and markets to reduce international financial instability and instability of commodity prices, including international banks and rating agencies and markets for commodity derivatives

Proposed MOI goal 11. Build inclusive, resilient, safe and sustainable cities and human settlements

17.37 provide financial and technical support to least developed countries to build urban infrastructure including communications, sewerage, waste management, recycling and other basic services

17.37 bis promote legislation enforcing women’s rights to tenure and property of land and housing

17.37 ter implement strategies on access to housing tenure and property by all levels of government, in collaboration with civil society and other stakeholders

17.37 quat promote grassroots data collection systems, involving directly the urban poor, slums dwellers, women’s groups, other disadvantaged groups

17.37 quint devise institutionalized financing mechanisms, with specific provisions for integrating gender equality, to ensure long-term investments in equitable and sustainable housing, infrastructure and basic services

17.37 sext strengthen legal and technical provisions to implement public gender policies and budgets at national and local level for urban and sectorial measures

17.37 sept implement mechanisms for public consultation and engagement in urban planning and management, particularly focusing on women, youth, the urban poor and other disadvantaged groups, including participatory budgeting

17.37 oct foster collaborative public partnerships to jointly plan, initiate and scale up development solutions, with existing, women-led self help organizations operating in significant numbers in rural, peri-urban and large urban areas across cities

17.37 non increase and ensure investment and public financing for low-carbon urban development and sustainable urban infrastructure, which must be achieved shifting away from unsustainable investments, such as fossil fuels and polluting industries.

17.37 dec integration of multi-modal sustainable transport at city-region scale

Proposed MOI goal 12. Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns

17.38 enhance international cooperation with developed countries taking the lead in implementing sustainable consumption and production patterns, including through strengthening developing countries’ scientific and technological capacities to evaluate, affirm and develop move towards more sustainable patterns of consumption and production

Comment: This paragraph sounds like science and technology will lead us to sustainability and that it is the only key element lacking in developing countries, which is not true.

17.39 establish and effectively implement a multilateral instrument code of conduct for multinational corporations to secure their social and environmental responsibility and accountability, comply with decent work conditions and respect for human rights.

Comment: The UN had already a similar body (UNCTC) until it was dismantled in 1993. It´s high time to put it back in function

Proposed MOI goal 13. Enact strongest address measures for climate change protection at all levels

17.40 operationalize the Green Climate Fund as soon as possible

17.40 bis ensure full actualization and disbursement of public, adequate, appropriate and new climate finance: on the basis of CBDR and historical responsibility, and ensuring gendered and human rights based social, economic and environmental regulation and safeguards, to support developing countries mitigation and adaptation to already incurred impacts of global warming, in addition to loss and damage

17.40 ter undertake national allocation for climate actions/strategies, including financing that is transparent and accountable on its social, economic and environmental impacts, and in line with human rights and gender equality.

17.40 quat invest in policies, programs and projects targeted at improving the active participation of women and girls in decision-making processes related to climate change adaptation and mitigation as well as the international climate change process

17.40 quint implement mechanisms for promotion and transfer of socially and ecologically appropriated environmentally sound technologies to facilitate shift from production and consumtption patterns that cause climate change.

17.40 sext review and modify intellectual property rights and national, regional and international trade agreements to allow the full development and utilization of safe, appropriate, ecologically and socially sound technologies that support a transition from a carbon intensive society;

17.40 sept promote mechanisms for public consultation and engagement in climate change planning and management, particularly focusing on women, youth, the urban poor and other disadvantaged groups, including participatory budgeting


Proposed MOI goal 14. Attain conservation and sustainable use of marine resources, oceans and seas

17.41 increase scientific knowledge, and develop research infrastructure and capacities to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular of SIDS and LDCs

Proposed MOI goal 15. Protect and restore terrestrial ecosystems and halt all biodiversity loss


Proposed MOI goal 16. Achieve peaceful and inclusive societies, rule of law, effective & capable institutions and just governance

17.42 all countries should continue to act within the provisions of existing relevant international agreements including on human rights and the Women Peace and Security agenda

17.43 undertake regular monitoring and reporting of progress on SDGs within a shared accountability framework, including means of implementation, the global partnership among Member States and multi-stakeholder initiatives and partnerships and addressing accountability for women’s human rights and the Women Peace and Security agenda for international financial institutions and non-state actors including the private sector

17.44 promote strong international institutions, including conclusion of reforms for increasing effective and democratic participation of developing countries in international financial institutions and upholding human rights obligations of international financial institutions including in areas of conflict

17.45 cooperate globally to reduce substantially international tax evasion and avoidance

17.46 cooperate globally to combat illicit Small Arms and Light Weapons and financial flows and transfers, recover stolen assets and return them to their countries of origin including through ratification and implementation of the 2013 Arms Trade Treaty (ATT)