China, Indonesia and Kazakhstan
TROIKA CHINA, INDONESIA and KAZAKHSTAN
TRACK CHANGES
Working Document for 5 – 9 May Session of Open Working Group
Note:
The text in BOLD and UNDERSCORED are our troika’s revision and/or suggestions.
The text striked out were our proposed deletions.
Focus area 1. Poverty eradication, building shared prosperity and promoting equality based on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities
End poverty in all its forms everywhere
a) eradicate extreme poverty by 2030
b) reduce the proportion of people living below national poverty lines by 2030
c) by 2030 implement nationally appropriate social protection measures including in particular social protection floors , with focus on coverage of the most marginalized the poor and the most vulnerable
d) build resilience of the poor and reduce by x% deaths and economic losses related to natural disasters moved to FA-10 with revision
e) achieve Ensuring equal access to full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people, person with disabilities and people in vulnerable situations
f) ensure equality of economic opportunity for all women and men , including access to secure rights to own land, property and other productive resources assets and access to financial services for all women and men
g) Ensure the fulfilment by developed countries, to the 0.7 per cent commitment of gross national income (GNI) for official development assistance (ODA) for developing countries by 2020 and 1 per cent by 2030, as well as a target of 0.15 to 0.20 per cent of gross national product for ODA to the LDCs by 2020;
h) Ensure that global trade and investment rules are designed and implemented with the objective of addressing pro-actively the specific constraints faced by developing countries, including countries in special situations, including effectively implementing the principle of special and differential treatment for developing countries, especially those facing increasing marginalization in the globalizing world economy;
i) Ensure that adequate policy space is given to developing countries including countries in special situations, by international organizations and rules to enable them to establish and implement their policies in favour of poverty eradication and interests of the poor;
j) Ensure debt sustainability.
Focus area 2. Sustainable agriculture, food security and nutrition
End hunger and improve nutrition for all through sustainable agriculture and improved food systems
a) all people have access to adequate (safe, affordable, diverse and nutritious) food all year round
b) end reduce malnutrition in all its forms, by 50% of present level by 2030 notably stunting and wasting in children under five years of age
c) by 2030 ensure sustainable food production systems with high yields, and reduce intensity of use of water by at least x%, chemicals by at least y%, and energy by at least z%
d) by 2030 achieve access to adequate inputs, knowledge, productive resources, financial services and markets for developing countries including countries in special situations, especially small farmers and fishers, to improve their livelihood, including income, productivity and resilience, with a particular focus on women, youth, person with disabilities and indigenous peoples
e) reduce the global rate of loss and waste along the food supply chain by 50 percent by 2030
e bis) reduce the global rate of food waste due to unsustainable lifestyle in developed countries by 2030;
f) all countries have in place sustainable land-use policies by 2020, and all drought-prone countries develop and implement drought preparedness policies by 2020
g) achieve climate-smart agriculture implement sustainable agricultural practices that is resilient and adaptable to extreme weather including drought, climate change and natural disasters
h) achieve by 2030 protection of agricultural biodiversity, including through use of the practices and local knowledge related to agro-biodiversity and diversity of food
i) increase agricultural productivity by x%, including through adequate irrigation, seeds and fertilizers, while in parallel halting and reversing land degradation, drought and desertification;
j) address excessive food price volatility, including through market information and oversight on commodity markets;
k) enhance productive capacity of small farmers in developing countries, including countries in special situations, through proper functioning of markets, storage, rural infrastructure, research, post-harvest practices;
l) increase by x% market access for agricultural products from developing countries, including countries in special situations, by 2030.
Appropriate means of implementation
a) Eliminate by 20xx all export subsidies in developed countries (in line with the WTO Hong Kong Declaration 2005, which agreed on an elimination target year of 2013);
b) Substantially and effectively phase out trade distorting subsidies in developed countries by x% by 20xx;
c) Increase the flow, transfer and dissemination of clean and environmentally sound agricultural technologies to developing countries by 2020;
d) Support developing countries, especially LDCs, in implementing capacity building programmes in support of the national plans for agriculture;
e) Provide developing countries including countries in special situations, adequate policy space, including in conditions for loans and aid, to support their agriculture sector and their farmers through various measures such as credit, marketing, storage, processing, provision of agricultural inputs and measures to make agriculture more sustainable through improved sustainable agriculture methods;
f) Avoid rules that create barriers to small farmers’ access and use of seeds and other agricultural inputs, for example the patenting by international companies of seeds or genetic resources that originate in developing countries;
g) By X year, ensure that markets for agricultural products are functioning and accessible for all, especially for small-scale farmers and fishers, through reshaping of the relevant trade policies, including phasing out export and other harmful subsidies, and implement global measures to mitigate excessive food price volatility.
Focus area 3. Health and population dynamics
Healthy life at all ages for all
a) by 2030 reduce the maternal mortality ratio to less than 40 per 100,000 live births , end preventable new-born and child deaths and reduce by x% child and maternal morbidity
b) by 2030 end prevent, control, eliminate, and eradicate the epidemics of communicable diseases such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases
c) reduce by x% the risk of premature mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCDs), injuries and promote mental health with strong focus on prevention
d) achieve ensure access to universal health coverage (UHC) services, including financial risk protection, with particular attention to the poor and the most marginalized vulnerable
e) by 2030 ensure universal availability and access to affordable essential medicines, including generic medicines, medical treatment and vaccines for all,
f) ensure universal access to comprehensive sexual and reproductive health for all, including modern methods of family planning in accordance with the Programme of Action of ICPD
g) decrease by x% the number of deaths and illnesses from indoor and outdoor air pollution and other forms of environmental degradation
h) Eliminate narcotic drug and substance abuse
Appropriate means of implementation
a) Support research and development of vaccines and medicines for the common diseases of developing countries including countries in special situations;
b) Ensure affordable access to medicines, including through the use of TRIPS flexibilities, to enable the use and production of affordable generic medicines by 20xx;
c) Further collaboration and cooperation at the national and international levels to strengthen health systems through increased health financing, recruitment, development, training and retention of the health workforce, through improved distribution and access to safe, affordable, effective and quality medicines, vaccines and medical technologies, and by improving health infrastructure;
Focus area 4. Education and life-long learning
Provide inclusive quality education and life-long learning opportunities for all
a) by 2030 ensure universal, free, equitable access to and completion of quality primary and secondary education for all girls and boys, leading to effective learning outcomes
b) ensure that persons people with disabilities have access to inclusive education, skills development and vocational training, as well as ensuring their access into labor markets by 2030
c) by 2030 increase by x% the proportion of children able to access and complete quality pre-primary education
d) by 2030 achieve universal youth and adult literacy, with particular attention to women and the poor and the most marginalized vulnerable
e) by 2030 increase by x% the number of young and adult women and men with vocational training, technical, innovative, creative, engineering and scientific skills
f) integrate relevant knowledge and skills in education curricula, including ICT skills , education for sustainable development, as well as on sustainable consumption and production, and awareness raising on culture’s contribution to sustainable development
g) all schools to provide safe and healthy learning environment for all students
h) by 2030 increase by X% the number of persons able to access life-long learning
i) promote training and support for teachers and education professionals
Appropriate means of implementation
a) expand by x% globally the number of scholarships for students from developing countries, in particular LDCs, to enroll in higher education programmes in developed countries and other developing countries, with focus on science, engineering and management
Focus area 5. Gender equality and women’s empowerment
Attain gender equality and women’s empowerment everywhere
a) by 2030 end reduce significantly all forms of discrimination and violence in all its forms against women and girls of all ages and give special care to the disabled women who are suffering two forms of discrimination.
b) by 2030 end violence against women and girls in all its forms,
c) by 2030 ensure equal access to education at all levels
d) by 2030 ensure equal access and opportunities for decent employment opportunities for women and equal pay for equal work
e) by 2030 ensure equal access to, and control of, assets and resources, including natural resources management
f) ensure strive to realize equal participation and leadership of women in decision-making in public and private institutions
g) by 2030 end child, early and forced marriage
h) by 2030 reduce the burden of unpaid care work
i) by 2030 ensure universal access to health services including sexual and reproductive health care and reproductive rights in accordance with the Programme of Action of ICPD
j) promote the availability of gender disaggregated data to improve gender equality policies, including gender sensitive budgeting through capacity building in developing countries, including countries in special situations,
Appropriate means of implementation
a) enhancing capacity building as well as technical and financial assistance for developing countries, including countries in special situations, in promoting gender-sensitive policy
b) ensuring the provision of financing mechanisms that would ensure women’s access to resources
c) ensuring the provision of capacity building to support women’s economic, social, and political empowerment and participation
d) ensuring enabling technologies, especially information and communication technologies for the empowerment of women
Focus area 6. Water and sanitation
Water and sanitation for a sustainable world
a) by 2030, provide universal access to safe and affordable drinking water, sanitation and hygiene , especially for women and girls
b) by 2030, improve wastewater management, recycling and reuse by x%
c) by 2030, improve water-use efficiency by x% in all sectors, with particular focus on agriculture
d) implement integrated water resource management, including appropriate trans-boundary co-operation
e) by 2030, bring fresh water extraction in line with sustainable supply, protect and restore ecosystems, to provide water-related services
f) by 2030, significantly improve water quality, eliminate reduce pollution and dumping of toxic materials in water bodies, and protect aquifers
g) invest in water harvesting and storage technologies, and double the rainwater harvested by 2030
h) decrease by x% mortality and serious injuries, and decrease economic losses caused by water-related disasters, by 2030 moved to FA-10)
i) provide adequate facilities and infrastructure for safe drinking water and sanitation systems in all areas
j) improve the waste-water and life garbage treatment rate by X% by 2030
Appropriate means of implementation
a) support efforts in developing countries, including countries in special situations, on water and sanitation activities and programmes, through provision of financial resources, capacity-building and technology transfer;
b) expand international cooperation and support in water and sanitation related technologies for developing countries as well as countries in special situations, including among others, water harvesting and storage technologies, sewage treatment technologies, by 2030
Focus area 7. Energy
Ensure access to affordable, sustainable, and reliable modern energy services for all
a) by 2030 ensure universal access to sustainable modern energy services
b) double the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix by 2030 through enhanced partnership
c) double significantly raise the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency, including in buildings, industry, agriculture and transport, by 2030
d) by 2030 increase by x% the share of clean and low- or zero-emission energy technologies, including sustainable biomass and advanced cookstoves
e) by 2030 phase out fossil fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption
f) ensure affordable access to energy-related know-how, science, technologies, and innovations for developing countries, including countries in special situations
g) ensure flexibility in the dissemination of modern energy technologies for developing countries, including countries in special situations
h) remove by 20xx, barriers that developing countries face or may face, in obtaining access to clean energy technologies
Appropriate means of implementation
a) encouraging public and private sector investment, in particular public-private partnerships, in relevant and needed cleaner energy technologies
b) encourage the use of TRIPS flexibilities in relation to promoting the use of environmentally sound energy technologies
c) strengthen international cooperation, including the provision of financial resources, building and technology transfer to developing countries to support their efforts towards universal energy access
d) enable greater access by developing countries to affordable access to clean energy technology, and in this regard, operationalize the UN Global Technology Facilitation Mechanism by 2017
e) remove by 20xx, barriers that developing countries face or may face, in obtaining access to clean energy technologies
Focus area 8. Economic growth, employment and infrastructure
Promote sustainable, inclusive and sustained economic growth and decent jobs for all
a) sustain income growth of the bottom 40% of the income distribution of each country to reduce income inequalities by 2030
b) achieve full equal and productive employment and decent work for all who seek employment including for marginalized groups by 2030
c) halve the number of youth not in employment, education or training by 2020
d) by 2030 improve by x% the energy and resource productivity of economic activities and reduce by y% their waste and emissions per unit of output
e) create appropriate climate for SMEs, entrepreneurship and innovation by 2020 and to support market development and the expansion of financial inclusion in developing countries at the national, regional and international levels
f) increase the share of high productivity sectors and activities in the economy , and strengthen productive capacities through technological upgrading and greater value addition, with a particular focus on LDCs
g) develop sustainable infrastructure accessible to all , with attention to needs of countries in special situations , and by 2030 provide access for 100% the vast majority of rural populations to basic infrastructure and services
h) protect the rights of all workers, including migrant workers, in compliance with under the obligation of the ILO fundamental rights at work instruments
i) end child labour by 2030
j) encourage formalization of informal sector activities and employment
k) attain trend economic growth of at least 6% per annum in low income countries and near to that level for other developing countries, based on the specific conditions of each countries
l) enhance sustained growth of both per capita income and productivity and ensure comprehensive development of productive capacity in developing countries in line with development strategies
m) enhance macroeconomic policy coordination, fostering conducive regulatory and fiscal system to promote sustainable development
n) support the development and improve the provision in particular in developing countries, including countries in special situations, such as roads, railways, ports, electricity, and communications
o) enhance and extend social security and social protection coverage, including social protection floors for those in need
p) by 2030 implement promote planned and managed migration policies taken from target 16.e to be placed under this FA
Appropriate means of implementation
a) promoting trade facilitation and market access for developing countries, including countries in special situations
b) facilitating international technology cooperation and technology transfer, in particular for environmentally sound technology;
c) enhance cooperation towards eliminating trade and investment protectionism, especially the measures limiting business investment in the name of national security, so as to create a favorable environment for business investment;
d) encourage and promote cross-border and inter-regional cooperation on infrastructure investment, financing and construction, in particular the projects of interconnection between the developing countries and industrial park projects of mutual benefit;
e) encourage and promote the flow of international capital, logistics and personnel, whereas developed countries provide more import quotas, entry visas, work permits and other facilitations measures for the labor from the developing countries;
f) promote growth policies that incorporate elements of social inclusiveness, economic inclusiveness (promotion of small and medium enterprises and small farmers) and environmental sustainability.
Focus area 9. Industrialization and promoting equality among nations
Promote sustainable industrialization and equality among nations
a) ensure adequate policy space and a conducive policy environment for industrial development, including encouragement of industrial entrepreneurship and enterprise formation with inclusion of SMEs
a bis) promote inclusive and sustainable industrial development.
b) create decent industrial sector jobs and promote job-rich industrial development
c) achieve high productivity levels across industrial sectors in all countries
d) by 2030 increase industrial diversity economic diversification towards industrialisation particularly in developing countries, with a focus on shifting towards higher value-added activities
e) by 2030, increase by x% the resource-efficiency of industry , reduce by y% harmful chemicals used and waste generated , and decrease by z% the intensity of carbon emissions from the industrial sector
f) increase by a factor of x the share of environmentally sustainable products and services in GDP
g) by 2020 implement plans and measures to strengthen the technological capabilities of industrial sectors and in developing countries, including plans to accelerate development, transfer and adoption of environmentally sound industrial technologies and processes including cleaner fossil fuel technologies more appropriate to be moved as means of implementation
h) by 2030 retrofit x% of existing industries on global level based on energy and resource-efficient technologies and environmentally sound industrial processes, with developed countries taking the lead;
i) developing countries to climb to the next stage of economic development by 2030
j) achieve sustained industrial development in developing countries especially low income countries, by raising the share of manufacturing and upgrading industrial technology and capability
k) increase economic diversification in developing countries including by adding value to raw materials and commodities through domestic processing and manufacturing
l) promote endogenous technology development and the growth of domestic innovation in developing countries
m) ensuring adequate and favorable market access for industrial products and processed commodities of developing countries, including countries in special situations
n) ensuring that the outcomes of research and development and knowledge creation are accessible to developing countries, including countries in special situations,
o) ensuring favourable market access for industrial products and processed commodities of developing countries, including countries in special situations
p) establish measures at global level to reduce inequality among countries
q) support developing countries, including countries in special situations, integrate into the global value chain, increase employment opportunities, achieve industrial upgrading and successfully avoid the middle-income trap.
Appropriate means of implementation
a) ensure that international trade rules and regulations are consistent with the objectives of industrial development and technological progress in developing countries including countries in special situations in order to ensure equality of economic opportunities for all;
b) strengthen international cooperation, including the provision of financial resources, capacity-building and technology transfer to developing countries including countries in special situations, in support of developing countries’ industrial development objectives;
c) developing countries to be provided with international financing, technology and capacity building to enable them to develop their infrastructure;
d) Ensure that developing countries join the appropriate link of global value chain and benefit to eradicate poverty and realize the sustainable development.
Focus area 10. Sustainable cities and human settlements
Build inclusive, safe and sustainable cities and human settlements
a) By 2030, ensure basicly realize universal access to adequate and affordable housing and basic services for all , and eliminate slum-like conditions everywhere
b) By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport for all , expand public transport, improve road safety and urban air quality
c) enhance capacities of developing countries for integrated urban human settlement planning and management
d) by 2030, reduce the ecological footprints of cities by x%
e) by 2020, increase by x% the number of cities rural and urban areas adopting and implementing policies and plans towards resilience and adaptation to climate change and natural disasters
e bis) promote inclusive, people-centered urbanization through optimizing urban planning and management, enhancing the carrying capacity and function of cities.
o build resilience of the poor and reduce deaths and economic losses related to natural disasters (moved from FA-1+revision)
o decrease mortality and serious injuries, and decrease economic losses caused by water-related disasters, by 2030 (moved from FA-6+revision)
f) by 2030 enhance social cohesion and personal security, and ensure universal access to inclusive and safe public spaces
g) by 2030 ensure that all cities are accessible and offer opportunities to persons with disabilities
h) protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage and improve the management ability of the employees in heritage related institutions
Appropriate means of implementation
a) provide developing countries, including countries in special situations, with enhanced international financing to enable them to promote sustainable human settlements;
b) support the development and improve the provision in particular in developing countries, including countries in special situations, of reliable and sustainable transport, including road and rail links, ports, air and trade routes, financial services and ICT connectivity;
c) assist developing countries, including countries in special situations, in enhancing their capacities and ensure affordable access to related know-how, science, technologies and innovations;
Focus area 11. Sustainable Consumption and Production
Promote sustainable consumption and production patterns
a) by 2030 achieve improve sustainable management and use of natural resources
b) by 2030 reduce major waste by x% through prevention, reduction, recycling and reuse
c) improve the resource productivity of economic activities by x% , including through sustainable supply chains by 2030
d) by 2030 redouble efforts implement policies to raise awareness for creating a culture of sufficiency and sustainable lifestyles , including sustainability information on products and services in particular in developed countries;
e) by 2020, encourage economic incentives developed countries lead the implementation of policies that promote sustainable consumption and production patterns including through a product life-cycle approach
f) by 2030 increase by x percentage points the share of companies in developed countries reporting on corporate social and environmental responsibility , including integrated reporting
g) by 2030, all financial sector actors incorporate sustainable development principles in their business practices
h) create incentives for sustainable tourism
Appropriate means of implementation
a) by X year implement fully the 10 Year Framework of Programme (10YFP) on sustainable consumption and production, in which developed countries take the lead;
b) reduce per capita energy consumption in developed countries by x% by 20xx;
c) reduce per capita wastage of food at consumer level in developed countries by x% by 20xx;
d) promote sound management of chemicals and hazardous materials in accordance with agreed international frameworks;
e) reduce the average material intensity of consumption per capita in developed countries by xx% in 2030;
f) enhance international cooperation in implementing sustainable consumption and production patterns, including through financial resources, capacity-building and technology transfer to developing countries,
Focus area 12. Climate change
Take urgent and significant action to mitigate and adapt to climate change
Build a climate change goal based on the outcome of COP21 of the UNFCCC
a) hold the increase in global average temperature below an x°C rise in accordance with international agreements
b) build resilience and adaptive capacity to climate induced hazards in all vulnerable countries
c) integrate climate adaptation and emissions reductions into development plans and poverty reduction strategies
d) introduce instruments and incentives for investments in low-carbon solutions in infrastructure, industry and other sectors
e) improve education and awareness raising on climate change
Appropriate means of implementation
Focus area 13. Conservation and sustainable use of marine resources, the oceans and seas and their resources
Take urgent and significant actions for the conservation and sustainable use of marine resources, the oceans and seas and their resources
a) by 2030, prevent, control and reduce by x% marine pollution and marine disposal of waste and tailings, including from land-based activities
b) by 2030, restore and protect marine ecosystems from destruction , including by halting and preventing ocean acidification
c) by 2030, regulate harvesting to restore fish stocks to ecologically safe levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield , and support sustainable small-scale fisheries
d) develop and ensure the full implementation of existing regional and international regimes governing oceans and seas, including for resources in areas beyond national jurisdictions
e) by 2020, eliminate reduce substantially the illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing and destructive fishing practices
f) establish Marine Protected Areas, consistent with international law
g) by 2030, eliminate fishing subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing
Appropriate means of implementation
Focus area 14. Ecosystems and biodiversity
Protect and restore terrestrial ecosystems and halt all biodiversity loss
a) by 2020 halt control the loss of all biodiversity, including habitats, and protect threatened species
b) by 2020 ensure conservation and sustainable use of ecosystems, including through restoration of degraded critical ecosystems
c) maintain genetic diversity of both farmed species and their wild relatives
d) by 2030, ensureing the implementation of sustainable forest management of all types of forests and mountain ecosystems, halting deforestation and increasing forest cover recovery and reforestation , as well as restoring degraded forest ecosystems and increasing protected forests area by x% by 2030
e) by 2030, achieve a land degradation neutral world
f) ensureing fair and equitable sharing of benefits derived from the utilization of natural assets, including genetic resources
g) end poaching and trafficking of protect endangered species according to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES);
h) by 2030, eliminate invasive alien species
i) ensure inclusion of indigenous and local communities in decision making, and promote traditional knowledge of indigenous peoples
j) provide adequate incentives and policy space for developing countries to advance sustainable forests management and enhancement of forest carbon stocks;
k) by 2020 achieve the comprehensive protection of wetland ecosystem.
Appropriate means of implementation
a) ensuring support for developing countries, including countries in special situations, in enhancing their capacities and ensure affordable access to related know-how, science, technologies, and innovations by developing countries, including countries in special situations.
b) enhance access to science, engineering and technical skills, and innovations for developing countries, including countries in special situations.
Focus area 15. Means of implementation/Global partnership for sustainable development
Strengthen global partnership for sustainable development
Means of implementation
Trade:
a) promote open, rules-based, non-discriminatory and equitable multilateral trading and financial systems , including complying with the agricultural mandate of the WTO Doha Round
b) provide greater duty-free and quota-free market access to least developed countries in keeping with World Trade Organization decisions
c) improve market access for agricultural and industrial exports of developing countries, especially Least Developed Countries, and at least double the share of LDCs’ exports in global exports by 2020
Technology transfer, technological capabilities:
d) enhance regional and international cooperation for science, technology, and innovation and solutions-oriented research , and enhance knowledge sharing, including through North-South, South-South and triangular cooperation
e) promote transfer and dissemination of clean and environmentally sound technologies to developing countries , make a list of priorities in transferring technology and develop specific work and implementation plans by 2020
f) fully operationalize the Technology Bank and STI Capacity Building Mechanism for developing countries, including countries in special situations, and LDCs
g) strengthen institutions and build capacities in developing countries to undertake research, development and adaptation of technologies, including clean and environmentally sound technologies
h) support fully research and development of vaccines and medicines for the common diseases of developing countries, notably LDCs
Financing and debt sustainability:
i) full implementation by developed countries of ODA commitments on an agreed timetable based on agreed principles according to Monterrey Consensus.
j) mobilize additional financial resources from multiple sources , including reducing the cost of remittances
k) encourage long-term private foreign investment and inclusive finance
l) ensure adequate financial resources for investments in sustainable development
m) ensure debt sustainability, debt restructuring and debt relief , while taking into account each country’s needs to successfully implement the agreed SDGs;
n) promote inclusive, participatory decision-making at both national and the international levels , including the conclusion of reforms for increasing effective participation of developing countries in international financial institutions
o) strengthen domestic resource mobilization, including by improving tax collection and the efficiency of public spending, reducing tax evasion and avoidance, and improving stolen asset recovery, and strengthening systems to harness domestic savings for investment
p) promote sustainable public procurement, including through national targets
q) improve fair, just, inclusive and orderly international financial system, aiming to increase representation and voice of developing countries, implement IMF 2010 quota and governance reform agreement.
r) Improve financial regulation system, strengthening regulation of cross border capital flow and commodities price volatility
Capacity building:
q) expand by x% globally the number of scholarships for students from LDCs to enroll in higher education programmes in developed countries and other developing countries, with focus on science, engineering and management
r) substantially strengthen capacities for sustainable development data collection and analysis with a focus on generating disaggregated, timely and high-quality data
s) countries progressively introduce expanded measures of progress beyond GDP into national accounting, with strengthen supportive statistical capacity building in national accounting in for developing countries including countries in special situations.
t) develop and implement capacity building programmes in developing countries, especially LDCs, in support of the national plans implementing sustainable development goals, including in agriculture, water, energy, health as well as in disaster prevention and reduction capacity and sustainable natural resources management
u) Enhance human resources development and institutional capacity building through training, experience sharing, knowledge transfer and technical assistance.
Strengthened Scale up global partnership for sustainable development
Note:
Global partnership should be based on MDG8 in accordance of common but differentiated responsibilities for common prosperity and development of all countries. North-South cooperation remains the core of the partnership and South-South cooperation and triangular cooperation are useful supplement to North-South cooperation. Developed countries should scale up their support especially ODA for developing countries, especially countries in special situations.
u) Global partnership for development should be guided by intergovernmental cooperation. Private sector, philanthropic organizations, NGOs and other stakeholders should be complementary partnerships not a substitute.engage all stakeholders in implementation of the SDGs, including through effective, innovative and accountable partnerships in cooperation with governments that mobilize financial resources, develop and disseminate technologies and provide technical expertise
v) regular monitoring and reporting of progress on SDGs within a shared accountability framework , including means of implementation, the global partnership among Member States and multi-stakeholder initiatives and partnerships
Proposed additional targets:
a) ODA commitments, recommitment by developed countries to meet the ODA targets with an agreed timetable, and ensure the provision of adequate financial resources for sustainable development of developing countries, including countries in special situations to enable them to achieve the SDGs
b) ensuring that trade and trade rules work to support the development of developing countries, including countries in special situations to support them in achieving their development objectives
c) ensuring developing countries, including countries in special situations, achieve debt sustainability through debt financing, debt relief and debt restructuring
d) reducing transaction cost of remittances
e) implement measures to promote, facilitate and finance access to and the development, transfer and diffusion of environmentally sound technologies and know-how to developing countries including countries in special situations, through the UN Global Technology Facilitation Mechanism
f) reform of the international intellectual property regime with a view to facilitating technological catch-up and improving development sectors such as health and education standards, agriculture, food security and enhancing nutrition in developing countries, including countries in special situations; and increase and support for developing countries for using of TRIPS flexibilities
g) improve democratic economic governance, including through the full and effective participation of all countries, in particular developing countries, in global decision making, through among others, broadening and strengthening the participation of developing countries in international economic decision-making and norm-setting, reform of governance of those institutions to be able to deliver more effective, credible, accountable and legitimate institutions
Focus area 16. Peaceful and inclusive societies, rule of law and capable institutions
Peaceful and inclusive societies, rule of law and capable institutions
Creating peaceful and inclusive societies:
a) by 2030 reduce by x% crime, violence and exploitation especially of children and women including by reducing organized crime and human trafficking
b) by 2030 eliminate discriminatory laws, policies and practices, empower marginalized groups, in the social, political and economic fields
c) by 2030 establish inclusive, participatory decision-making, including at local governments, taking into consideration the interests of future generations
d) by 2020 provide information and education on a culture of non-violence
e) by 2030 implement planned and managed migration policies
Rule of law, capable institutions:
a) by 2030 develop effective, accountable and transparent economic and financial institutions at all global levels
b) by 2030 provide equal support the development of capacity to ensure adequate access to independent and responsive justice systems including related to property and tenure rights, employment, business, taxation, trade and finance to support development
c) by 2020 provide public services for all, including legal identity
d) improve access to information capacity on public finance management, public procurement and on the implementation of national development plans
e) by 2030 decrease by x% corruption in all its forms and illicit financial flows
f) remove unnecessary restrictions of freedom of media, association and speech
Appropriate means of implementation
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Endnotes
TRACK CHANGES
Working Document for 5 – 9 May Session of Open Working Group
Note:
The text in BOLD and UNDERSCORED are our troika’s revision and/or suggestions.
The text striked out were our proposed deletions.
Focus area 1. Poverty eradication, building shared prosperity and promoting equality based on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities
End poverty in all its forms everywhere
a) eradicate extreme poverty by 2030
b) reduce the proportion of people living below national poverty lines by 2030
c) by 2030 implement nationally appropriate social protection measures including in particular social protection floors , with focus on coverage of the most marginalized the poor and the most vulnerable
d) build resilience of the poor and reduce by x% deaths and economic losses related to natural disasters moved to FA-10 with revision
e) achieve Ensuring equal access to full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people, person with disabilities and people in vulnerable situations
f) ensure equality of economic opportunity for all women and men , including access to secure rights to own land, property and other productive resources assets and access to financial services for all women and men
g) Ensure the fulfilment by developed countries, to the 0.7 per cent commitment of gross national income (GNI) for official development assistance (ODA) for developing countries by 2020 and 1 per cent by 2030, as well as a target of 0.15 to 0.20 per cent of gross national product for ODA to the LDCs by 2020;
h) Ensure that global trade and investment rules are designed and implemented with the objective of addressing pro-actively the specific constraints faced by developing countries, including countries in special situations, including effectively implementing the principle of special and differential treatment for developing countries, especially those facing increasing marginalization in the globalizing world economy;
i) Ensure that adequate policy space is given to developing countries including countries in special situations, by international organizations and rules to enable them to establish and implement their policies in favour of poverty eradication and interests of the poor;
j) Ensure debt sustainability.
Focus area 2. Sustainable agriculture, food security and nutrition
End hunger and improve nutrition for all through sustainable agriculture and improved food systems
a) all people have access to adequate (safe, affordable, diverse and nutritious) food all year round
b) end reduce malnutrition in all its forms, by 50% of present level by 2030 notably stunting and wasting in children under five years of age
c) by 2030 ensure sustainable food production systems with high yields, and reduce intensity of use of water by at least x%, chemicals by at least y%, and energy by at least z%
d) by 2030 achieve access to adequate inputs, knowledge, productive resources, financial services and markets for developing countries including countries in special situations, especially small farmers and fishers, to improve their livelihood, including income, productivity and resilience, with a particular focus on women, youth, person with disabilities and indigenous peoples
e) reduce the global rate of loss and waste along the food supply chain by 50 percent by 2030
e bis) reduce the global rate of food waste due to unsustainable lifestyle in developed countries by 2030;
f) all countries have in place sustainable land-use policies by 2020, and all drought-prone countries develop and implement drought preparedness policies by 2020
g) achieve climate-smart agriculture implement sustainable agricultural practices that is resilient and adaptable to extreme weather including drought, climate change and natural disasters
h) achieve by 2030 protection of agricultural biodiversity, including through use of the practices and local knowledge related to agro-biodiversity and diversity of food
i) increase agricultural productivity by x%, including through adequate irrigation, seeds and fertilizers, while in parallel halting and reversing land degradation, drought and desertification;
j) address excessive food price volatility, including through market information and oversight on commodity markets;
k) enhance productive capacity of small farmers in developing countries, including countries in special situations, through proper functioning of markets, storage, rural infrastructure, research, post-harvest practices;
l) increase by x% market access for agricultural products from developing countries, including countries in special situations, by 2030.
Appropriate means of implementation
a) Eliminate by 20xx all export subsidies in developed countries (in line with the WTO Hong Kong Declaration 2005, which agreed on an elimination target year of 2013);
b) Substantially and effectively phase out trade distorting subsidies in developed countries by x% by 20xx;
c) Increase the flow, transfer and dissemination of clean and environmentally sound agricultural technologies to developing countries by 2020;
d) Support developing countries, especially LDCs, in implementing capacity building programmes in support of the national plans for agriculture;
e) Provide developing countries including countries in special situations, adequate policy space, including in conditions for loans and aid, to support their agriculture sector and their farmers through various measures such as credit, marketing, storage, processing, provision of agricultural inputs and measures to make agriculture more sustainable through improved sustainable agriculture methods;
f) Avoid rules that create barriers to small farmers’ access and use of seeds and other agricultural inputs, for example the patenting by international companies of seeds or genetic resources that originate in developing countries;
g) By X year, ensure that markets for agricultural products are functioning and accessible for all, especially for small-scale farmers and fishers, through reshaping of the relevant trade policies, including phasing out export and other harmful subsidies, and implement global measures to mitigate excessive food price volatility.
Focus area 3. Health and population dynamics
Healthy life at all ages for all
a) by 2030 reduce the maternal mortality ratio to less than 40 per 100,000 live births , end preventable new-born and child deaths and reduce by x% child and maternal morbidity
b) by 2030 end prevent, control, eliminate, and eradicate the epidemics of communicable diseases such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases
c) reduce by x% the risk of premature mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCDs), injuries and promote mental health with strong focus on prevention
d) achieve ensure access to universal health coverage (UHC) services, including financial risk protection, with particular attention to the poor and the most marginalized vulnerable
e) by 2030 ensure universal availability and access to affordable essential medicines, including generic medicines, medical treatment and vaccines for all,
f) ensure universal access to comprehensive sexual and reproductive health for all, including modern methods of family planning in accordance with the Programme of Action of ICPD
g) decrease by x% the number of deaths and illnesses from indoor and outdoor air pollution and other forms of environmental degradation
h) Eliminate narcotic drug and substance abuse
Appropriate means of implementation
a) Support research and development of vaccines and medicines for the common diseases of developing countries including countries in special situations;
b) Ensure affordable access to medicines, including through the use of TRIPS flexibilities, to enable the use and production of affordable generic medicines by 20xx;
c) Further collaboration and cooperation at the national and international levels to strengthen health systems through increased health financing, recruitment, development, training and retention of the health workforce, through improved distribution and access to safe, affordable, effective and quality medicines, vaccines and medical technologies, and by improving health infrastructure;
Focus area 4. Education and life-long learning
Provide inclusive quality education and life-long learning opportunities for all
a) by 2030 ensure universal, free, equitable access to and completion of quality primary and secondary education for all girls and boys, leading to effective learning outcomes
b) ensure that persons people with disabilities have access to inclusive education, skills development and vocational training, as well as ensuring their access into labor markets by 2030
c) by 2030 increase by x% the proportion of children able to access and complete quality pre-primary education
d) by 2030 achieve universal youth and adult literacy, with particular attention to women and the poor and the most marginalized vulnerable
e) by 2030 increase by x% the number of young and adult women and men with vocational training, technical, innovative, creative, engineering and scientific skills
f) integrate relevant knowledge and skills in education curricula, including ICT skills , education for sustainable development, as well as on sustainable consumption and production, and awareness raising on culture’s contribution to sustainable development
g) all schools to provide safe and healthy learning environment for all students
h) by 2030 increase by X% the number of persons able to access life-long learning
i) promote training and support for teachers and education professionals
Appropriate means of implementation
a) expand by x% globally the number of scholarships for students from developing countries, in particular LDCs, to enroll in higher education programmes in developed countries and other developing countries, with focus on science, engineering and management
Focus area 5. Gender equality and women’s empowerment
Attain gender equality and women’s empowerment everywhere
a) by 2030 end reduce significantly all forms of discrimination and violence in all its forms against women and girls of all ages and give special care to the disabled women who are suffering two forms of discrimination.
b) by 2030 end violence against women and girls in all its forms,
c) by 2030 ensure equal access to education at all levels
d) by 2030 ensure equal access and opportunities for decent employment opportunities for women and equal pay for equal work
e) by 2030 ensure equal access to, and control of, assets and resources, including natural resources management
f) ensure strive to realize equal participation and leadership of women in decision-making in public and private institutions
g) by 2030 end child, early and forced marriage
h) by 2030 reduce the burden of unpaid care work
i) by 2030 ensure universal access to health services including sexual and reproductive health care and reproductive rights in accordance with the Programme of Action of ICPD
j) promote the availability of gender disaggregated data to improve gender equality policies, including gender sensitive budgeting through capacity building in developing countries, including countries in special situations,
Appropriate means of implementation
a) enhancing capacity building as well as technical and financial assistance for developing countries, including countries in special situations, in promoting gender-sensitive policy
b) ensuring the provision of financing mechanisms that would ensure women’s access to resources
c) ensuring the provision of capacity building to support women’s economic, social, and political empowerment and participation
d) ensuring enabling technologies, especially information and communication technologies for the empowerment of women
Focus area 6. Water and sanitation
Water and sanitation for a sustainable world
a) by 2030, provide universal access to safe and affordable drinking water, sanitation and hygiene , especially for women and girls
b) by 2030, improve wastewater management, recycling and reuse by x%
c) by 2030, improve water-use efficiency by x% in all sectors, with particular focus on agriculture
d) implement integrated water resource management, including appropriate trans-boundary co-operation
e) by 2030, bring fresh water extraction in line with sustainable supply, protect and restore ecosystems, to provide water-related services
f) by 2030, significantly improve water quality, eliminate reduce pollution and dumping of toxic materials in water bodies, and protect aquifers
g) invest in water harvesting and storage technologies, and double the rainwater harvested by 2030
h) decrease by x% mortality and serious injuries, and decrease economic losses caused by water-related disasters, by 2030 moved to FA-10)
i) provide adequate facilities and infrastructure for safe drinking water and sanitation systems in all areas
j) improve the waste-water and life garbage treatment rate by X% by 2030
Appropriate means of implementation
a) support efforts in developing countries, including countries in special situations, on water and sanitation activities and programmes, through provision of financial resources, capacity-building and technology transfer;
b) expand international cooperation and support in water and sanitation related technologies for developing countries as well as countries in special situations, including among others, water harvesting and storage technologies, sewage treatment technologies, by 2030
Focus area 7. Energy
Ensure access to affordable, sustainable, and reliable modern energy services for all
a) by 2030 ensure universal access to sustainable modern energy services
b) double the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix by 2030 through enhanced partnership
c) double significantly raise the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency, including in buildings, industry, agriculture and transport, by 2030
d) by 2030 increase by x% the share of clean and low- or zero-emission energy technologies, including sustainable biomass and advanced cookstoves
e) by 2030 phase out fossil fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption
f) ensure affordable access to energy-related know-how, science, technologies, and innovations for developing countries, including countries in special situations
g) ensure flexibility in the dissemination of modern energy technologies for developing countries, including countries in special situations
h) remove by 20xx, barriers that developing countries face or may face, in obtaining access to clean energy technologies
Appropriate means of implementation
a) encouraging public and private sector investment, in particular public-private partnerships, in relevant and needed cleaner energy technologies
b) encourage the use of TRIPS flexibilities in relation to promoting the use of environmentally sound energy technologies
c) strengthen international cooperation, including the provision of financial resources, building and technology transfer to developing countries to support their efforts towards universal energy access
d) enable greater access by developing countries to affordable access to clean energy technology, and in this regard, operationalize the UN Global Technology Facilitation Mechanism by 2017
e) remove by 20xx, barriers that developing countries face or may face, in obtaining access to clean energy technologies
Focus area 8. Economic growth, employment and infrastructure
Promote sustainable, inclusive and sustained economic growth and decent jobs for all
a) sustain income growth of the bottom 40% of the income distribution of each country to reduce income inequalities by 2030
b) achieve full equal and productive employment and decent work for all who seek employment including for marginalized groups by 2030
c) halve the number of youth not in employment, education or training by 2020
d) by 2030 improve by x% the energy and resource productivity of economic activities and reduce by y% their waste and emissions per unit of output
e) create appropriate climate for SMEs, entrepreneurship and innovation by 2020 and to support market development and the expansion of financial inclusion in developing countries at the national, regional and international levels
f) increase the share of high productivity sectors and activities in the economy , and strengthen productive capacities through technological upgrading and greater value addition, with a particular focus on LDCs
g) develop sustainable infrastructure accessible to all , with attention to needs of countries in special situations , and by 2030 provide access for 100% the vast majority of rural populations to basic infrastructure and services
h) protect the rights of all workers, including migrant workers, in compliance with under the obligation of the ILO fundamental rights at work instruments
i) end child labour by 2030
j) encourage formalization of informal sector activities and employment
k) attain trend economic growth of at least 6% per annum in low income countries and near to that level for other developing countries, based on the specific conditions of each countries
l) enhance sustained growth of both per capita income and productivity and ensure comprehensive development of productive capacity in developing countries in line with development strategies
m) enhance macroeconomic policy coordination, fostering conducive regulatory and fiscal system to promote sustainable development
n) support the development and improve the provision in particular in developing countries, including countries in special situations, such as roads, railways, ports, electricity, and communications
o) enhance and extend social security and social protection coverage, including social protection floors for those in need
p) by 2030 implement promote planned and managed migration policies taken from target 16.e to be placed under this FA
Appropriate means of implementation
a) promoting trade facilitation and market access for developing countries, including countries in special situations
b) facilitating international technology cooperation and technology transfer, in particular for environmentally sound technology;
c) enhance cooperation towards eliminating trade and investment protectionism, especially the measures limiting business investment in the name of national security, so as to create a favorable environment for business investment;
d) encourage and promote cross-border and inter-regional cooperation on infrastructure investment, financing and construction, in particular the projects of interconnection between the developing countries and industrial park projects of mutual benefit;
e) encourage and promote the flow of international capital, logistics and personnel, whereas developed countries provide more import quotas, entry visas, work permits and other facilitations measures for the labor from the developing countries;
f) promote growth policies that incorporate elements of social inclusiveness, economic inclusiveness (promotion of small and medium enterprises and small farmers) and environmental sustainability.
Focus area 9. Industrialization and promoting equality among nations
Promote sustainable industrialization and equality among nations
a) ensure adequate policy space and a conducive policy environment for industrial development, including encouragement of industrial entrepreneurship and enterprise formation with inclusion of SMEs
a bis) promote inclusive and sustainable industrial development.
b) create decent industrial sector jobs and promote job-rich industrial development
c) achieve high productivity levels across industrial sectors in all countries
d) by 2030 increase industrial diversity economic diversification towards industrialisation particularly in developing countries, with a focus on shifting towards higher value-added activities
e) by 2030, increase by x% the resource-efficiency of industry , reduce by y% harmful chemicals used and waste generated , and decrease by z% the intensity of carbon emissions from the industrial sector
f) increase by a factor of x the share of environmentally sustainable products and services in GDP
g) by 2020 implement plans and measures to strengthen the technological capabilities of industrial sectors and in developing countries, including plans to accelerate development, transfer and adoption of environmentally sound industrial technologies and processes including cleaner fossil fuel technologies more appropriate to be moved as means of implementation
h) by 2030 retrofit x% of existing industries on global level based on energy and resource-efficient technologies and environmentally sound industrial processes, with developed countries taking the lead;
i) developing countries to climb to the next stage of economic development by 2030
j) achieve sustained industrial development in developing countries especially low income countries, by raising the share of manufacturing and upgrading industrial technology and capability
k) increase economic diversification in developing countries including by adding value to raw materials and commodities through domestic processing and manufacturing
l) promote endogenous technology development and the growth of domestic innovation in developing countries
m) ensuring adequate and favorable market access for industrial products and processed commodities of developing countries, including countries in special situations
n) ensuring that the outcomes of research and development and knowledge creation are accessible to developing countries, including countries in special situations,
o) ensuring favourable market access for industrial products and processed commodities of developing countries, including countries in special situations
p) establish measures at global level to reduce inequality among countries
q) support developing countries, including countries in special situations, integrate into the global value chain, increase employment opportunities, achieve industrial upgrading and successfully avoid the middle-income trap.
Appropriate means of implementation
a) ensure that international trade rules and regulations are consistent with the objectives of industrial development and technological progress in developing countries including countries in special situations in order to ensure equality of economic opportunities for all;
b) strengthen international cooperation, including the provision of financial resources, capacity-building and technology transfer to developing countries including countries in special situations, in support of developing countries’ industrial development objectives;
c) developing countries to be provided with international financing, technology and capacity building to enable them to develop their infrastructure;
d) Ensure that developing countries join the appropriate link of global value chain and benefit to eradicate poverty and realize the sustainable development.
Focus area 10. Sustainable cities and human settlements
Build inclusive, safe and sustainable cities and human settlements
a) By 2030, ensure basicly realize universal access to adequate and affordable housing and basic services for all , and eliminate slum-like conditions everywhere
b) By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport for all , expand public transport, improve road safety and urban air quality
c) enhance capacities of developing countries for integrated urban human settlement planning and management
d) by 2030, reduce the ecological footprints of cities by x%
e) by 2020, increase by x% the number of cities rural and urban areas adopting and implementing policies and plans towards resilience and adaptation to climate change and natural disasters
e bis) promote inclusive, people-centered urbanization through optimizing urban planning and management, enhancing the carrying capacity and function of cities.
o build resilience of the poor and reduce deaths and economic losses related to natural disasters (moved from FA-1+revision)
o decrease mortality and serious injuries, and decrease economic losses caused by water-related disasters, by 2030 (moved from FA-6+revision)
f) by 2030 enhance social cohesion and personal security, and ensure universal access to inclusive and safe public spaces
g) by 2030 ensure that all cities are accessible and offer opportunities to persons with disabilities
h) protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage and improve the management ability of the employees in heritage related institutions
Appropriate means of implementation
a) provide developing countries, including countries in special situations, with enhanced international financing to enable them to promote sustainable human settlements;
b) support the development and improve the provision in particular in developing countries, including countries in special situations, of reliable and sustainable transport, including road and rail links, ports, air and trade routes, financial services and ICT connectivity;
c) assist developing countries, including countries in special situations, in enhancing their capacities and ensure affordable access to related know-how, science, technologies and innovations;
Focus area 11. Sustainable Consumption and Production
Promote sustainable consumption and production patterns
a) by 2030 achieve improve sustainable management and use of natural resources
b) by 2030 reduce major waste by x% through prevention, reduction, recycling and reuse
c) improve the resource productivity of economic activities by x% , including through sustainable supply chains by 2030
d) by 2030 redouble efforts implement policies to raise awareness for creating a culture of sufficiency and sustainable lifestyles , including sustainability information on products and services in particular in developed countries;
e) by 2020, encourage economic incentives developed countries lead the implementation of policies that promote sustainable consumption and production patterns including through a product life-cycle approach
f) by 2030 increase by x percentage points the share of companies in developed countries reporting on corporate social and environmental responsibility , including integrated reporting
g) by 2030, all financial sector actors incorporate sustainable development principles in their business practices
h) create incentives for sustainable tourism
Appropriate means of implementation
a) by X year implement fully the 10 Year Framework of Programme (10YFP) on sustainable consumption and production, in which developed countries take the lead;
b) reduce per capita energy consumption in developed countries by x% by 20xx;
c) reduce per capita wastage of food at consumer level in developed countries by x% by 20xx;
d) promote sound management of chemicals and hazardous materials in accordance with agreed international frameworks;
e) reduce the average material intensity of consumption per capita in developed countries by xx% in 2030;
f) enhance international cooperation in implementing sustainable consumption and production patterns, including through financial resources, capacity-building and technology transfer to developing countries,
Focus area 12. Climate change
Take urgent and significant action to mitigate and adapt to climate change
Build a climate change goal based on the outcome of COP21 of the UNFCCC
a) hold the increase in global average temperature below an x°C rise in accordance with international agreements
b) build resilience and adaptive capacity to climate induced hazards in all vulnerable countries
c) integrate climate adaptation and emissions reductions into development plans and poverty reduction strategies
d) introduce instruments and incentives for investments in low-carbon solutions in infrastructure, industry and other sectors
e) improve education and awareness raising on climate change
Appropriate means of implementation
Focus area 13. Conservation and sustainable use of marine resources, the oceans and seas and their resources
Take urgent and significant actions for the conservation and sustainable use of marine resources, the oceans and seas and their resources
a) by 2030, prevent, control and reduce by x% marine pollution and marine disposal of waste and tailings, including from land-based activities
b) by 2030, restore and protect marine ecosystems from destruction , including by halting and preventing ocean acidification
c) by 2030, regulate harvesting to restore fish stocks to ecologically safe levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield , and support sustainable small-scale fisheries
d) develop and ensure the full implementation of existing regional and international regimes governing oceans and seas, including for resources in areas beyond national jurisdictions
e) by 2020, eliminate reduce substantially the illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing and destructive fishing practices
f) establish Marine Protected Areas, consistent with international law
g) by 2030, eliminate fishing subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing
Appropriate means of implementation
Focus area 14. Ecosystems and biodiversity
Protect and restore terrestrial ecosystems and halt all biodiversity loss
a) by 2020 halt control the loss of all biodiversity, including habitats, and protect threatened species
b) by 2020 ensure conservation and sustainable use of ecosystems, including through restoration of degraded critical ecosystems
c) maintain genetic diversity of both farmed species and their wild relatives
d) by 2030, ensureing the implementation of sustainable forest management of all types of forests and mountain ecosystems, halting deforestation and increasing forest cover recovery and reforestation , as well as restoring degraded forest ecosystems and increasing protected forests area by x% by 2030
e) by 2030, achieve a land degradation neutral world
f) ensureing fair and equitable sharing of benefits derived from the utilization of natural assets, including genetic resources
g) end poaching and trafficking of protect endangered species according to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES);
h) by 2030, eliminate invasive alien species
i) ensure inclusion of indigenous and local communities in decision making, and promote traditional knowledge of indigenous peoples
j) provide adequate incentives and policy space for developing countries to advance sustainable forests management and enhancement of forest carbon stocks;
k) by 2020 achieve the comprehensive protection of wetland ecosystem.
Appropriate means of implementation
a) ensuring support for developing countries, including countries in special situations, in enhancing their capacities and ensure affordable access to related know-how, science, technologies, and innovations by developing countries, including countries in special situations.
b) enhance access to science, engineering and technical skills, and innovations for developing countries, including countries in special situations.
Focus area 15. Means of implementation/Global partnership for sustainable development
Strengthen global partnership for sustainable development
Means of implementation
Trade:
a) promote open, rules-based, non-discriminatory and equitable multilateral trading and financial systems , including complying with the agricultural mandate of the WTO Doha Round
b) provide greater duty-free and quota-free market access to least developed countries in keeping with World Trade Organization decisions
c) improve market access for agricultural and industrial exports of developing countries, especially Least Developed Countries, and at least double the share of LDCs’ exports in global exports by 2020
Technology transfer, technological capabilities:
d) enhance regional and international cooperation for science, technology, and innovation and solutions-oriented research , and enhance knowledge sharing, including through North-South, South-South and triangular cooperation
e) promote transfer and dissemination of clean and environmentally sound technologies to developing countries , make a list of priorities in transferring technology and develop specific work and implementation plans by 2020
f) fully operationalize the Technology Bank and STI Capacity Building Mechanism for developing countries, including countries in special situations, and LDCs
g) strengthen institutions and build capacities in developing countries to undertake research, development and adaptation of technologies, including clean and environmentally sound technologies
h) support fully research and development of vaccines and medicines for the common diseases of developing countries, notably LDCs
Financing and debt sustainability:
i) full implementation by developed countries of ODA commitments on an agreed timetable based on agreed principles according to Monterrey Consensus.
j) mobilize additional financial resources from multiple sources , including reducing the cost of remittances
k) encourage long-term private foreign investment and inclusive finance
l) ensure adequate financial resources for investments in sustainable development
m) ensure debt sustainability, debt restructuring and debt relief , while taking into account each country’s needs to successfully implement the agreed SDGs;
n) promote inclusive, participatory decision-making at both national and the international levels , including the conclusion of reforms for increasing effective participation of developing countries in international financial institutions
o) strengthen domestic resource mobilization, including by improving tax collection and the efficiency of public spending, reducing tax evasion and avoidance, and improving stolen asset recovery, and strengthening systems to harness domestic savings for investment
p) promote sustainable public procurement, including through national targets
q) improve fair, just, inclusive and orderly international financial system, aiming to increase representation and voice of developing countries, implement IMF 2010 quota and governance reform agreement.
r) Improve financial regulation system, strengthening regulation of cross border capital flow and commodities price volatility
Capacity building:
q) expand by x% globally the number of scholarships for students from LDCs to enroll in higher education programmes in developed countries and other developing countries, with focus on science, engineering and management
r) substantially strengthen capacities for sustainable development data collection and analysis with a focus on generating disaggregated, timely and high-quality data
s) countries progressively introduce expanded measures of progress beyond GDP into national accounting, with strengthen supportive statistical capacity building in national accounting in for developing countries including countries in special situations.
t) develop and implement capacity building programmes in developing countries, especially LDCs, in support of the national plans implementing sustainable development goals, including in agriculture, water, energy, health as well as in disaster prevention and reduction capacity and sustainable natural resources management
u) Enhance human resources development and institutional capacity building through training, experience sharing, knowledge transfer and technical assistance.
Strengthened Scale up global partnership for sustainable development
Note:
Global partnership should be based on MDG8 in accordance of common but differentiated responsibilities for common prosperity and development of all countries. North-South cooperation remains the core of the partnership and South-South cooperation and triangular cooperation are useful supplement to North-South cooperation. Developed countries should scale up their support especially ODA for developing countries, especially countries in special situations.
u) Global partnership for development should be guided by intergovernmental cooperation. Private sector, philanthropic organizations, NGOs and other stakeholders should be complementary partnerships not a substitute.engage all stakeholders in implementation of the SDGs, including through effective, innovative and accountable partnerships in cooperation with governments that mobilize financial resources, develop and disseminate technologies and provide technical expertise
v) regular monitoring and reporting of progress on SDGs within a shared accountability framework , including means of implementation, the global partnership among Member States and multi-stakeholder initiatives and partnerships
Proposed additional targets:
a) ODA commitments, recommitment by developed countries to meet the ODA targets with an agreed timetable, and ensure the provision of adequate financial resources for sustainable development of developing countries, including countries in special situations to enable them to achieve the SDGs
b) ensuring that trade and trade rules work to support the development of developing countries, including countries in special situations to support them in achieving their development objectives
c) ensuring developing countries, including countries in special situations, achieve debt sustainability through debt financing, debt relief and debt restructuring
d) reducing transaction cost of remittances
e) implement measures to promote, facilitate and finance access to and the development, transfer and diffusion of environmentally sound technologies and know-how to developing countries including countries in special situations, through the UN Global Technology Facilitation Mechanism
f) reform of the international intellectual property regime with a view to facilitating technological catch-up and improving development sectors such as health and education standards, agriculture, food security and enhancing nutrition in developing countries, including countries in special situations; and increase and support for developing countries for using of TRIPS flexibilities
g) improve democratic economic governance, including through the full and effective participation of all countries, in particular developing countries, in global decision making, through among others, broadening and strengthening the participation of developing countries in international economic decision-making and norm-setting, reform of governance of those institutions to be able to deliver more effective, credible, accountable and legitimate institutions
Focus area 16. Peaceful and inclusive societies, rule of law and capable institutions
Peaceful and inclusive societies, rule of law and capable institutions
Creating peaceful and inclusive societies:
a) by 2030 reduce by x% crime, violence and exploitation especially of children and women including by reducing organized crime and human trafficking
b) by 2030 eliminate discriminatory laws, policies and practices, empower marginalized groups, in the social, political and economic fields
c) by 2030 establish inclusive, participatory decision-making, including at local governments, taking into consideration the interests of future generations
d) by 2020 provide information and education on a culture of non-violence
e) by 2030 implement planned and managed migration policies
Rule of law, capable institutions:
a) by 2030 develop effective, accountable and transparent economic and financial institutions at all global levels
b) by 2030 provide equal support the development of capacity to ensure adequate access to independent and responsive justice systems including related to property and tenure rights, employment, business, taxation, trade and finance to support development
c) by 2020 provide public services for all, including legal identity
d) improve access to information capacity on public finance management, public procurement and on the implementation of national development plans
e) by 2030 decrease by x% corruption in all its forms and illicit financial flows
f) remove unnecessary restrictions of freedom of media, association and speech
Appropriate means of implementation
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Endnotes